Events Leading to the U.S. Civil War
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| 9B Sectionalism |
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| Why did Northern States Favor High Tariffs? | The North had more industry. When Tariffs made imported goods more expensive, people purchased more domestic goods and northern businesses made more money.
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| Why did Southern States Dislike High Tariffs? | The South was agricultural. They were importing more goods than the north and paying those high tariffs.
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| How did states in the west respond to High Tariffs? | States in the west generally liked high tariffs because the money was used to build roads and canals which they needed.
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| What was the Missouri Compromise? | Missouri was added as a slave state and Maine was added as a free state. It also said that the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north of latitude 36/30 would not allow slavery.
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| What was the Compromise of 1850? | California was added as a free state; Fugitive Slave Law was passed to help slave owners recover runaway slaves.
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| What was the Fugitive Slave law? | This law required people anywhere in the U.S.A. to assist in returning runaway slaves to their owners.
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| How did the Compromise of 1850 affect Washington, D.C.? | Washington, D.C. was the national capital. The Compromise of 1850 ended the slave trade in Washington, D.C.
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| Were there any Free Black People in the U.S.A.? | Yes. African Americans in the north were free and could own property.
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| Why did slavery continue in the U.S.A. for so long? | Slavery was considered a "States' Rights" issue. Each state had its own laws, some allowing slavery, while others prohibited it.
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| How did the Fugitive Slave Law affect the south? | The plantation system continued to expand, using more and more slave labor.
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| What was the Tariff of Abominations? | An exceptionally high tax on imports passed in 1828.
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| How did the south react to the Tariff of Abominations? | Nullification Crisis - South Carolina led by John C Calhoun declared the tax null and void
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| Why was the Nullification Crisis so important? | South Carolina had threatened to leave the union if forced to pay the tax.
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| How did the Nullification Crisis end? | Henry Clay proposed a Compromise law lowering the tariff and the crisis ended.
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| What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act? | This law allowed Kansas and Nebraska to be added as new states and it let them decide for themselves whether to allow slavery or not (popular sovereignty).
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| What was the DRED SCOTT decision? | In 1857, The U.S. Supreme Court declared that enslaved people were property and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.
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| Why did the Supreme Court declare the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional in DRED SCOTT? | Federalism and States' Rights: if the decision to permit slavery belongs to the states, the Federal Government cannot prohibit slavery above the 36/30 parallel.
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