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ID final

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Christopher Columbus   he was of Italian heritage who sailed for Spain  
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Christopher Columbus   was in search of spices and gold  
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Christopher Columbus   he believed a shorter path to the East Indies could be achievements by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean  
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Christopher Columbus   had three ships on his first voyage - the Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria  
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Christopher Columbus   set sail in 1492  
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Christopher Columbus   he made four voyages to the New World in total  
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Christopher Columbus   opened the West economically through Colombian Exchange  
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Roanoke   first attempt by Queen Elizabeth and England to colonize North America  
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Roanoke   founded in Virginia (N.C.) by Sir Walter Raleigh  
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Roanoke   Virginia Dare was first English white child born in America  
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Roanoke   Spanish Armada stopped the resupply of colony  
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Roanoke   colony disappeared before supply ships arrived  
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Roanoke   one word was left on a tree- Croatan  
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Roanoke   known as the Lost Colony  
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Pocahontas   daughter of Chief Powhatan  
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Pocahontas   important interpreter for Jamestown colony  
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Pocahontas   she is captured and converted to Christianity in 1613  
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Pocahontas   Christians give her the name Rebecca  
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Pocahontas   she married an important, early plantation owner named John Rolfe  
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Pocahontas   she is a sensation when she visits England in 1616  
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Pocahontas   A son (Thomas) is born in England and she dies there  
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Jamestown   becomes the first permanent English settlement in the New World  
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Jamestown   founded in 1607  
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Jamestown   the colony is named after King James I (Scotland)  
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Jamestown   run by Virginia Company (private company)  
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Jamestown   most of the colonists died during the winter of 1609-1610 "Starving Time"  
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Jamestown   the capital of Virginia from 1616-1699  
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Jamestown   tobacco brought to this colony would make Virginia's wealth  
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Plymouth   Pilgrims founded in 1620  
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Plymouth   the colonists were led by William Bradford  
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Plymouth   many of the colonists were attempting to escape religious persecution  
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Plymouth   the colony was supposed to be located at the mouth of the Hudson River (New York)  
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Plymouth   the Pilgrims crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower (the speedwell leaked too much)  
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Plymouth   Plymouth Rock symbolizes the spot it was founded  
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Plymouth   Plymouth was absorbed by Massachusetts in 1691  
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Arthur Miller   well-known American playwright  
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Arthur Miller   among Miller's famous plays is Death of a Salesman  
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Arthur Miller   he also wrote the crucible in 1953  
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Arthur Miller   the crucible details the Salem Witch Trials  
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Arthur Miller   the play is an allergory for the McCarthy Trials  
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Arthur Miller   Miller was convicted of "contempt of Congress" for not disclosing "communists" in the industry  
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Arthur Miller   Miller was married briefly to Marilyn Monroe  
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George Washington   British officer during the French and Indian War  
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George Washington   commander of Revolutionary Forces-Continental Army  
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George Washington   presided over Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia  
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George Washington   1st president and only one elected unanimously  
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George Washington   established important groundwork for future presidents - the cabinet and inaugural address  
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George Washington   owned a large plantation in Virginia named Mount Vernon  
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George Washington   only founding Father to emancipate all his slaves at death (no children)  
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Patrick Henry   famous for "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death"  
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Patrick Henry   was an attorney, plantation owner, and politician from Virginia  
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Patrick Henry   he led the opposition to the Stamp Act  
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Patrick Henry   believed in Republicanism, focusing on liberty and unalienable rights  
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Patrick Henry   he became the first post-colonial governor of Virginia  
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Patrick Henry   was opposed to the constitution  
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Patrick Henry   like many founding fathers, owned slaves  
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Boston Massacre   occurred in 1770, known as Incident on King Street by British  
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Boston Massacre   crown appointed English troops were surrounded by mob of hecklers throwing objects  
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Boston Massacre   five killed and six wounded  
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Boston Massacre   among the dead was a free black man, Crispus Attucks  
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Boston Massacre   soldiers were defeated by John Adams  
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Boston Massacre   eight were charged, two convicted of manslaughter and branded  
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Boston Massacre   Paul Revere engraving immortalizes event  
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Stamp Act   first direct tax on colonists imposed by England and Parliament  
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Stamp Act   tax paid for troops stationed in America after the French and Indian War  
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Stamp Act   all paper taxed with Stamp produced in London  
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Stamp Act   Americans could only pay tax with British Pound and not colonial script  
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Stamp Act   act was repealed in 1766  
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Stamp Act   it was replaced by the Declaratory Act  
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Stamp Act   colonists begin the refrain "No Taxation Without Representation"  
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Common sense   written anonymously in early 1776  
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Common sense   Thomas Paine later known as author  
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Common sense   Paine emigrated from England in 1774  
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Common sense   written in plain, simple language  
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Common sense   Paine argued that it was ridiculous for an island country to rule a continent and Britain ruled only out of self interest  
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Common sense   became the largest circulated document in American history in relation to population  
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Common sense   John Adams stated "without the pen of the author of ______, the sword of Washington would have been raised in vain"  
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Paul Revere   his father was an immigrant from France and named Apollo Rivoire  
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Paul Revere   main occupation was that of silversmith  
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Paul Revere   became famous for Boston Massacre engraving  
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Paul Revere   participated in the Boston Tea Party  
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Paul Revere   set signal at the Old North Church of "one if by land, two if by sea"  
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Paul Revere   one of three riders to warn the residents of Lexington and Concord - William Dawes and Dr. Samuel Prescott  
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Paul Revere   Henry Wadsworth Longfellow immortalizes Revere in 1861 with "The Midnight Ride" poem  
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Declaration of Independence   principally written by Thomas Jefferson with input from John Adams, edited by Congress  
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Declaration of Independence   congress unanimously approved the Declaration by vote on July 2, 1776 (John Adams argument)  
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Declaration of Independence   the document was signed July 4, 1776 and then lost  
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Declaration of Independence   established the United States of America  
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Declaration of Independence   engrossed (official) copy was signed on August 2, 1776  
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Declaration of Independence   56 delegates signed the Declaration  
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Declaration of Independence   John Hancock signed it big for the king to see it  
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Declaration of Independence   after a long journey, including Library at Congress and Fort Knox, it sends up at the National Archives  
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Thomas Jefferson   author of the Declaration of Independence  
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Thomas Jefferson   3rd president of the United States  
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Thomas Jefferson   anti-federalist - known as the father of the Democratic Party  
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Thomas Jefferson   acquired the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 from France and Napoleon  
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Thomas Jefferson   has one of the most unique homes in the country at Monticello  
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Thomas Jefferson   founder of the University of Virginia  
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Thomas Jefferson   had several children with slave Sally Hemmings  
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Thomas Jefferson   died on July 4, 1826, same day as John Adams  
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Bill of Rights   came about through anti-Federalists push  
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Bill of Rights   central figures were John Hancock and Samuel Adams  
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Bill of Rights   James Madison proposed 39 additions  
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Bill of Rights   12 were accepted by congress  
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Bill of Rights   10 were voted on and passed by the stairs  
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Bill of Rights   it provides protection from the government (speech, etc.)  
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Bill of Rights   influenced by George Mason's 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights, 1689 English Bill of Rights and 1215 Magna Carta  
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Lewis & Clark Expedition   also called the Corps. of Discovery, 1804-1806  
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Lewis & Clark Expedition   led by Captain Meriwether Lewis and second Lieutenant William Clark  
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Lewis & Clark Expedition   they were the first American expedition to cross western U.S.  
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Lewis & Clark Expedition   the voyage was commissioned by Thomas Jefferson  
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Lewis & Clark Expedition   departed from St. Louis in May 1804  
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Lewis & Clark Expedition   reached Pacific Ocean in November 1805 at the mouth of the Columbia River  
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Lewis & Clark Expedition   three objectives were to map territory, find a possible direct water route, and establish American presence before Europeans  
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Sacagawea   she was a member of the Shoshone tribe  
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Sacagawea   kidnapped at age 12 by Hidatsa tribe  
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Sacagawea   purchased, or perhaps won in card game, by French trader Toussaint Charbonneau - also acquired Otter Woman at the same time  
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Sacagawea   married at the age of 13  
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Sacagawea   became an important interpreter and guide for Meriwether Lewis and William Clark at age 16  
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Sacagawea   traveled from Fort Mandan, North Dakota to Pacific Ocean and back (began trip pregnant with her first child)  
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Sacagawea   is on the 2000 gold dollar coin  
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Tecumseh   member of the Shawnee tribe  
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Tecumseh   his name translates to "shooting star"  
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Tecumseh   father was killed by frontiersmen who were squatting on land illegally  
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Tecumseh   he will organize one of the strongest Indian Alliances known as the Tecumseh Confederacy  
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Tecumseh   founded Prophetstown near present-day Lafayette  
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Tecumseh   confederacy was severely damaged at Battle of Tippecanoe  
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Tecumseh   died at the Battle of Thames during the War of 1812 - Harrison was opposing general  
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Louisiana Purchase   a slave uprising in Haiti led Napoleon to sell Louisiana to the United States in 1803  
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Louisiana Purchase   the U.S. paid approximately 11 million for the land and 4 million for cancellation of debt, 15 million total  
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Louisiana Purchase   the total price came out to roughly 3 cents an acre (42 cents in 2010 dollars)  
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Louisiana Purchase   it instantly doubled the size of the United States  
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Louisiana Purchase   Jefferson originally asked for the city of New Orleans only, willing to pay 2 to 10 million  
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Louisiana Purchase   Jefferson overstepped Constitutional bounds claiming it was a treaty negotiation  
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Louisiana Purchase   the purchase did not account for slaves and Natives who lived there  
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William Henry Harrison   first governor of the Indiana Territory  
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William Henry Harrison   ran for president under the catch phrase Tippecanoe and Tyler Too - nicknamed gained after Battle of Tippecanoe  
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William Henry Harrison   last British subject to be president  
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William Henry Harrison   oldest elected president (68) until Ronald Reagan in 1981 (69)  
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William Henry Harrison   held the shortest term in office - 32 days  
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William Henry Harrison   became the first president to die in office  
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William Henry Harrison   official cause of death was pneumonia - Harrison had given the longest inaugural speech in history in cold and rainy conditions without a coat or umbrella  
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Star Spangled Banner   written by Francis Scott Key during the bombardment of Fort McHenry in Chesapeake Bay of British (near Baltimore)  
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Star Spangled Banner   writer was a lawyer and an amateur poet  
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Star Spangled Banner   he set the lyrics to the popular British song "To Anacreon in Heaven"  
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Star Spangled Banner   he titled it "The Defence of Fort McHenry"  
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Star Spangled Banner   four stanzas are in song, we sing only one  
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Star Spangled Banner   it became the official National Anthem in 1931 by decree of President Herbert Hoover  
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Star Spangled Banner   the flag that inspired the song is currently on display in Washington, D.C. at the National Museum of American History  
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Andrew Jackson   born in North Carolina in 1767  
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Andrew Jackson   he was beaten and his brother was killed by the British during the Revolution  
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Andrew Jackson   moved across the Appalachians into Tennessee at the age of 21  
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Andrew Jackson   became famous at the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812 - allied with Creek Indians  
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Andrew Jackson   ruthless towards Natives and gained nickname "Sharp Knife"  
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Andrew Jackson   Whites nicknamed him"Old Hickory"  
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Andrew Jackson   became the 7th president, and first west of Appalachian Mountains  
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Andrew Jackson   brought democracy to the masses  
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Missouri Compromise   approved in 1820 by congress, it was a plan for western territories of Louisiana Purchase and balancing of free and slave states  
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Missouri Compromise   everything north of latitude 36 degrees 30 minutes was free  
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Missouri Compromise   this state would only be exception to rule  
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Missouri Compromise   Maine split from Massachusetts to counter Missouri's entrance as slave state  
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Missouri Compromise   repealed in 1854 by Kansas-Nebraska Act and idea of "popular sovereignty"  
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Missouri Compromise   the Supreme Court also ruled Compromise unconstitutional in the Dred Scott Case (1857)  
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Missouri Compromise   its legacy is the postponement of the Civil War  
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Erie Canal   known as Clinton's Ditch or Folly, was named after New York governor Dewitt Clinton  
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Erie Canal   constructed from 1817-1825  
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Erie Canal   became one of the longest canals in the Western Hemisphere at 363 miles  
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Erie Canal   connected the Hudson River with Lake Erie  
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Erie Canal   also connected Albany with Buffalo  
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Erie Canal   cut shipping costs by 95%  
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Erie Canal   made New York City the nations #1 port  
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Wabash and Erie Canal   longest canal in U.S history at 468 miles  
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Wabash and Erie Canal   proposed by George Washington as a mean to connect east and west  
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Wabash and Erie Canal   used to promote trade, agriculture, and settlement  
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Wabash and Erie Canal   ground broken in Fort Wayne on 2/22/1832 by Jordan Vigus  
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Wabash and Erie Canal   canal entered Logansport in 1838  
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Wabash and Erie Canal   finished canal began in Toledo, Ohio and ended in Evansville, Indiana  
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Wabash and Erie Canal   last boat through Logansport The Clyde entered in 1875  
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National Road   first major improved government founded highway, traveling east to west  
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National Road   surface was made of Macadam - chip and seal over stone  
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National Road   encouraged settlement to the west  
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National Road   began in Cumberland, Maryland in 1811 and ended in Vandalia, Illinois in 1850  
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National Road   600 miles in total length  
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National Road   cost $7 million  
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National Road   today's U.S. 40 runs along same route  
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Sojourner Truth   born Isabella Baumfree into slavery in New York  
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Sojourner Truth   African-American abolitionist and women's rights leader  
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Sojourner Truth   spoke only Dutch until the age of nine when she was sold  
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Sojourner Truth   new master acquired her $100 and some sheep  
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Sojourner Truth   John Pumont broke promise to free her and she escapes with daughter in 1826 (7/4/1827)  
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Sojourner Truth   known for 1851 Ain't I a Woman speech  
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Sojourner Truth   rewritten in Southern Style by Frances Gage in 1863  
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton   activist, abolitionist, and suffragist from NY  
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton   initiated first major effort in women's reform interested in divorce rights, birth control, and temperance  
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton   held the first equal rights convention for women at Seneca Falls in 1848  
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton   became famous for her Declaration of Sentiments - similar to Declaration of Independence  
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton   founder of National Woman Suffrage Association  
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton   opposed 14th and 15th Amendments based on idea black men should not get right to vote before women  
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton   beliefs caused rival American Woman Suffrage Association to form  
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Susan B. Anthony   was an activist, abolitionist, suffragist, and Quaker  
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Susan B. Anthony   printed a weekly journal from 18668-1872 called the Revolution  
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Susan B. Anthony   voted in the 1872 presidential race  
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Susan B. Anthony   after arrest not allowed to testify at own trial and found guilty  
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Susan B. Anthony   she refused to pay the $100 fine  
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Susan B. Anthony   proposed Anthony Amendment to Congress in 1878 to allow women vote - eventually 19th Amendment  
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Susan B. Anthony   first non-fictitious woman - Lady Liberty - to be on American money, 1979 - 1981 $1 coin  
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The Alamo   Spanish Mission located in present-day San Antonio  
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The Alamo   Texans forced out Mexican rulers  
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The Alamo   President Santa Ana - Mexico - comes back with army to destroy the Alamo  
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The Alamo   thirteen day battle leaves all the defenders of The Alamo dead, some 185 men  
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The Alamo   among the important dead are William Travis and James Bowlie  
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The Alamo   Texans fightback with rallying cry... "Remember The Alamo"  
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The Alamo   today it is the biggest tourist attraction in Texas  
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Oregon Trail   began in Independence, Missouri and ended in Oregon City, Oregon  
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Oregon Trail   total length of trail was 2,000 miles  
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Oregon Trail   laid down by fur trappers prior to 1840 and was only accessibly by foot or horse  
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Oregon Trail   400,000 people used the trail at its height in 1840's  
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Oregon Trail   deaths on the trail were mainly from cholera and dysentery  
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Oregon Trail   trail declined after opening of transcontinental railroad- 1869  
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Oregon Trail   today's I-80 roughly follows same route  
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Transcontinental Railroad   connected Council Bluffs, Iowa with San Francisco, CA  
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Transcontinental Railroad   total length of track was 1,900 miles  
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Transcontinental Railroad   first proposed by Asa Whitney in 1845  
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Transcontinental Railroad   Northern Republicans picked central route during Civil War while Democrats were gone  
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Transcontinental Railroad   construction took six years, ending at Promontory Point, Utah with golden spike in 1869  
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Transcontinental Railroad   first known as the Pacific Railroad  
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Transcontinental Railroad   dramatically increased settlement and economic development of the Wesst  
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James K. Polk   11th and earliest photographed president, 1845-1849  
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James K. Polk   prior to the White House, he was speaker of the House and governor of Tennessee  
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James K. Polk   won election with promise to annex Texas  
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James K. Polk   responsible for opening the Naval Academy and the Amithsonian while in office  
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James K. Polk   led the U.S. during the Mexican War  
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James K. Polk   accomplished all of his agenda  
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James K. Polk   died of cholera three months after term  
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Kansas - Nebraska Act   proposed by Illinois Democrat Stephen Douglas  
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Kansas - Nebraska Act   opened new territories of Kansas and Nebraska to the possibility of slavery  
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Kansas - Nebraska Act   residents of the territories decided by popular sovereignty - democracy  
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Kansas - Nebraska Act   its passage repealed the Missouri Compromise  
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Kansas - Nebraska Act   Douglas' hope that thousands of farms in territories would make transcontinental railroad feasible - Chicago  
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Kansas - Nebraska Act   the North cried of slave power and slaveocracy  
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Kansas - Nebraska Act   led to the Republican Party - Lincoln - and Bleeding Kansas  
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Harriet Beecher Stowe   daughter of religious leader Lyman Beecher  
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Harriet Beecher Stowe   she was an abolitionist and author  
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Harriet Beecher Stowe   wrote weekly serial in Newspaper National Era  
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Harriet Beecher Stowe   the serial's title, Life Among the Lowly, would eventually be retitled Uncle Tom's Cabin  
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Harriet Beecher Stowe   she received $400 for the original publication of the book  
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Harriet Beecher Stowe   after the war she helped found the University of Hartford  
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Harriet Beecher Stowe   she died as a complication of dementia  
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Millard Fillmore   13th president of the United States, 1850-1853  
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Millard Fillmore   assumed the presidency after war hero Zachary Taylor's death  
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Millard Fillmore   last president from the Whig Party  
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Millard Fillmore   after term in office become part of the American Party known for being anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic-Nativism  
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Millard Fillmore   ran for president on American ticket in 1856 finishing third  
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Millard Fillmore   founded the University of Buffalo  
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Millard Fillmore   consistently ranked in the bottom ten of U.S. presidents  
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