Chapter 16
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| caravel | a light, fast sailing ship with a rudder and lateen sails
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| Henry the Navigator | son of King John I of Portugal, patron and supporter of explorers
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| Vasco da Gama | Portuguese explorer who traveled to Calicut, India in 1497
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| Christopher Columbus | Italian sailor who traveled west to reach China but discovered islands in the Caribbean
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| Ferdinand Magellan | first explorer to attempt the circumnavigate the globe; while he was killed on the way, some of his sailors completed the journey
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| cirgumnavigate | travel completely around the world
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| Sir Francis Drake | English explorer, second man to circumnavigate the globe
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| Harry Hudson | Dutch sailor who looked unsuccessfully for the Northwest Passage and explored the river that is now named after him
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| encomienda | Spanish system in which a colonist received land and Native American workers to whom he was required to teach Christianity
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| Hernan Cortes | Spanish explorer and conqueror of Mexico's Aztec empire
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| conquistador | Spanish term for conqueror; name for Spanish military leaders who fought against the native peoples of the Americas
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| Moctezuma II | Aztec emperor at the time of Cortes's conquest of Mexico
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| Francisco Pizarro | conqueror of Inca Empire in Peru for the Spanish
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| Atahualpa | ruler of Inca Empire killed by Spanish invaders led by Pizarro
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| viceroys | officials who ruled large area of Spain's American colonies in the king's name
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| Bartolome de Las Casas | Spanish priest who criticized treatment of Native Americans, suggesting that slaves from Africa be used as laborers instead
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| Treaty of Tordesillas | treaty signed in 1493 dividing the Americas between Spain and Portugal along an imaginary line
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| Colombian Exchange | the exchange of plants, animals, and diseases due to contact between the peoples of Europe
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| mercantilism | the European economic policy that called for nations to gain weatlh in order to build a strong military and expand influence
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| balance of trade | the amount of goods sold by a country against those purchased from other countries; a favorable balance of trade meant selling more goods than were bought
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| subsidies | grants of money given by the governments for purposes such as helping people start a new business
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| capitalism | economic system in which private individuals rather than governments perform most of the economic activity, with the goal of making a profit
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| joint-stock company | a company in which investors buy shares of stock, receiving a portion of the profits but only losing the amount of their investment if it failed
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| plantation | estates in the Americas where cash crops were grown on a large scale
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| triangular trade | trading network that brought goods from Europe to Africa to be traded for slaves, took the slaves to the Americas to be sold, then brought American goods back to Europe
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| Middle Passage | name for the second leg of the triangle, bringing captive Africans to the Americas, where they were sold as slaves
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| Olaudah Equiano | African who wrote about the horrific conditions Africans endured on Middle Passage voyages
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| African Diaspora | the spread of African descent throughout the Americas and Western Europe as a result of the slave trade, eventually spreading African culture throughout the Western world
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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