MCAT Evolution
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| Bottle neck | an evolutionary event in which a significant percentage of a population or species is killed or otherwise prevented from reproducing.
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| homologous structure | similar structure that share a common evolutionary origin. ex the limbs of mamals
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| group selection | this hypothesis stated that a certain gene for not reproducing was inheritied, thus controling polutaion size at an advantagous level
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| stabilizing slection | maintains uniform charchter in a population by eliminating deviations from the norm.
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| gene flow | migration of individuals b/w populations will result in a loss or gain of genes and thus change the compostion of the gene pool
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| directional selection | produces an adaptave change over time with an increase in the proprtion of individuals with an extream phenotype. This occurs when organisms must adapt to a changing enviorment
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| genetic drift | changes in the composition of the gene pool due to chance
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| asortive mating | mates selectied according to critiereia such as phenotype and proximity
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| disruptive selection | population genetics that simultaneously favor individuals at both extremes of the distribution. ex finch beak size
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| convergent evolution | refers to the independant development of dissimilar charachteristics in two or more lineages NOT sharing common ancestry. ex fish dolphins
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| parallel evolution | is the development of a similar trait in different not closely related species (that is in species of a different clade), but descending from the same ancestor
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| divergent evolution | refers to the individual development of dissimilar charachteristics in two or more lineages sharing common ancestry
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