AP European Chapter 22 Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Sir Richard Arkwright | Invented water frame at almost the same time as the spinning jenny was invented.
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| Jeremy Bentham | Believed that public problems should dealt with on a rational scientific basis. Believed in the idea of the greatest good for the greatest number. Wrote, Principles of Morals and Legislation.
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| Edmund Cartwright | Inventor of the modern power loom.
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| Chartism | Agitation against poor laws-working class discontent.
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| Combination Acts | 1799 and 1800-made trade unionism illegal.
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| The Communist Manifesto | Pamphlet written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels-basis of Socialism.
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| Corn Laws | 1815 tariff on imported grain to protect domestic producers. Never worked well.
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| Henry Cort | Refined pig iron-puddling furnace-heavy rolling mills
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| Benjamin Disraeli | British Conservative-extended vote to all middle class male workers, needed to broaden aristocratic voter base.
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| Friedrich Engels | Condition of Working Class in England- society’s problems caused by capitalism and competition. Colleague of Karl Marx.
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| Factory Act 1833 | Created factory worday for children between 9-13 to 8 hours a day. Not applicable to home. Outlawed child labor under 9-factory owners establish schools. Destroyed family unit.
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| Charles Fourier | French social theorist-criticized capitalism-wanted socialist utopia and emancipation of women. Theory of Four Movements.
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| James Hargreaves | About 1705 invented spinning jenny
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| Industrialization | New inventions, cotton and iron-changed small businesses beyond all recognition.
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| John Kay | Inventor of flying shuttle, (1733).
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| Laissez-faire capitalism | Minimal governmental interference in the economic affairs. Adam Smith and Francois Quesnay.
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| Karl Marx | German - father of socialism-emancipation of women-Communist Manifesto.
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| Thomas Newcomen | 1705 invented steam engine that used coal, very inefficient.
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| Robert Owen | Scottish spoke out about hiring children. Created mills in New Harmony.
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| Henry Palmerston | Hawkish English Foreign Minister during revolutions of 1848.
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| A People’s Charter | Draft of reform Bill which called for universal suffrage payment of members of Parliament and annual elections-6 main points.
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| Poor Law | 1834, Gave some aid to the poor, but not very helpful against unemployment. Very favorable to employers.
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| First Reform Bill | 1832, Modified the old political system by easing voting qualifications (but still not easy to qualify!). Abolished some smaller boroughs.
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| Second Reform Bill | 1867, Conservatives and Liberals trying to gain votes. Disraeli's Conservatives extended the vote to almost 1 million more voters.
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| Tory | Political party in Britain controlled by aristocracy.
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| Utopian Socialism | Ideal society based on socialist ideals-Louis Blanc and Charles Fourier
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| James Watt | Added a condenser to Newcomen's steam engine to make it more efficient. Led to steam becoming a viable source of power.
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| Whig | British party more responsive to commercial and manufacturing interests.
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