Medical Terminology: Female/Male Reproduction System
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| Aspiration | Withdrawal of fluid by suction from cavity or sac
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| Palpation | Examination by touch
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| Leukorrhea | White/Yellowish Vaginal Discharge
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| Ectopic Pregnancy | Out of place uterus
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| Chlamydia | Bacterial Infection that is most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in US
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| PID | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
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| Preeclampsia | Pregnancy with high blood pressure, swelling..
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| Dermoid Cyst | Benign collection of fluid & tissue within a sac in the ovary. Line with cells including hair, skin, teeth, & cartilage
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| Terat/o | Monster
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| Teratomas | Strange assortment of tissue in the tumor
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| Choriocarcinoma | Malignant tumor of the pregnant uterus
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| Endometriosis | abnormal condition of uterine tissue that is ectopic (out of its proper place)
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| Leiomyomas (or Fibroids) | Benign tumors are composed of fibrous tissue & muscle & occur in the wall of the uterus
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| Leiomy/o | smooth muscle
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| Endo- | inner
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| Mammoplasty | surgical repair of the breast
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| Pyosalpinx | Pus in a fallopian tube
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| Py/o | Pus
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| Endometrium | Inner lining of the uterus (Endometritis - Inflammation of the uterus)
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| Metr/o | Uterus
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| Karyotype | Chromosomal anaylsis - is performed from cells obtained via amniocentesis,,info about the developing fetus
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| Aminocentesis | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from innermost membrane (aminion) surrounding the embryo
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| Galactorrhea | persistant discharge of milk from the breast
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| Galact/o | Milk
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| D&C | Dilation & Curettage - dilate and scrape the inside of the uterine lining with curette (instrument)
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| Dilaton & Curettage | D&C - dilate and scrape the inside of the uterine lining with curette (instrument)
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| Myomectomy | Resection of a muscle tumor (or fibroid) from the uterus
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| Metrorrhagia | Condition of excessive discharge of blood from the uterus (not during menstruation)
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| Metr/o | Uterus
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| Gynecomastia | Excessive development of mammary (breast) tissue in a male
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| Mast/o | Breast
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| Oligomenorrhea | Scanty or infrequent menstrual periods
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| Olig/o | Scanty
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| Hyster/o | Uterus
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| Oophor/o | Ovary
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| Salping/o | Fallopian Tube
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| Culd/o | Cul-de-sac
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| Colp/o | Vagina
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| Cervic/o | Neck of the uterus
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| Episi/o | Vulva
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| Lact/o | Milk
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| Menopause | Ending of menstrual function - usually ages 45-50 yrs old
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| Parturition | Giving Birth
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| Menarche | Beginning of the first menstrual periods during puberty
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| Corpus Luteum | Empty egg sack that secretes hormones after release of the egg cell. Secretes progesterone and estrogen to maintain implantation of the embryo & pregnancy...Corpus=white,Luteum=yellow > Yellow Body
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| Graafian Follicle | Sac in the ovaries that contains a maturing ovum. After ovum is released, the graafian follicle is known as corpus luteum (yellow body)
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| Chorion | Outermost membrane surrounding the embryo in the uterus. It contributes to the development of the placenta
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| Estrogen | Hormone produce by ovaries responsible for secondary sex characteristics such as breast development
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| Follicle-Stimulating Hormone | Hormone secreted by pituitary glands to act on the ovaries & stimulate the maturation of egg cells
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| -gen | Producing
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| Estr/o | Female
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| Progesterone | Hormone secreted by the ovaries to maintain pregnancy
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| Gamete | Sex cell
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| Orifice | Opening especially to a cavity or part of the body
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| Papilla | Nipple-shaped projection or elevation, located on the breast surrounded by the areola.
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| Placenta | Vascular organ that develops during pregnancy in the uterine wall. Fetus derives its nourishment and oxgen, communication between maternal & fetal bloodstreams
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| Vulva | Entire external genitalia of the female
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| Areola | Dark-pigmented area around the breast nipple
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| Labia | Lips of the vagina
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| Fertilization | Union of the ovum and sperm cell. This usually occures in the fallopian tube
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| Prostatectomy | Removal of prostate
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| Seminiferous Tubules | Tubules carry seed
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| -ferous | carrying or pertaining to bearing
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| semin/i | semen, seed
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| prostat/o | prostate gland
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| Prostatitis | Often associated with urethritis and infection of the lower urinary tract
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| Orchitis | caused by injury or by the mumps virus, which also infects the salivary glands
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| Orchiectomy | Castration in males
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| Orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o | testis, testicle
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| hydrocele | sac of clear fluid in the scrotum. Congenital or occur as a response to infection or tumors
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| hydr/o | water, fluid
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| Gonorrhea | sexually transmitted infection
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| Gon/o | Seed
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| Epididymitis | Symptoms are fever, chills, pain in the groin, tender, swollen epididymis
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| Epididymis | a system of ductules emerging posteriorly from the testis that holds sperm during maturation and that forms a tangled mass before uniting into a single coiled duct which is continuous with the vas deferens
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| Epididym/o | a system of ductules emerging posteriorly from the testis
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| cryptorchism | one or both testicles do not descend by the time of birth into the scrotal sac from the abdominal cavity
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| crypt/o | Hidden
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| Cryogenic Surgery | Remove portions of the prostate gland during a transurethral resection of the prostate
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| Cry/o | Cold
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| Balanitis | bacteria or viruses often cause inflammation and infections of the male reproduction system
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| Balan/o | Glans Penis
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| Androgen | Testosterone, testes in males and the adrenal glands in both men and women produce androgens
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| Andr/o | Male
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| -potentia | Power
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| im- | Not
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| Erectile Dysfunction | Impotence - male can't achieve erection
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| Prepuce | Fold of skin over glans of penis, usually circumcision
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| Penis | Composed of erectile tissue and at its tip expands to form a soft, sensitive region called the glans penis
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| Cowper Gland (Bulborethral) | Lying below the prostate gland, also secrete fluid into the urethra
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| Bulbourethral | Lying below the prostate gland, also secrete fluid into the urethra
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| Prostate Gland | Secretes the thick fluid that is part of semen, aids motilily of the sperm. The muscular tissue of the prostate aids in the expulsion of sperm during ejaculation
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| Semen | Combination of fluid & spermatozoa (sperm cells only 1% of fluid) Ejected through the urethra
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| Seminal Vesicles | Two glands locaed at the base of the bladder, secretes thick, sugary, yellowish substance that nourishes the sperm cell & forms most ejaculated semen.
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| Vasectomy | Sterilization, Urologist cuts and ties off each vas deferens
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| Vas Deferens | (or Ductus Deferens) Narrow straight tube carries the sperm up into the pelvic region, at the level of the urinary bladder, merging with ducts from the seminal vesicles
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| Epididymis | Large tube, upper part of each testis. The spermatozoa become mature, become motile in the epididymis and are temporarily stored there.
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| Parenchymal Tissue | Tissue of the testis, seminiferous tubules perform the essential work of the organ - Formation of Sperm - Essential functions of the organ
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| Interstitial Cells | Manufacture male hormone - Testosterone - Cells in the testis
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| Stroma - Stroma Tissue | Supportive tissue and contain connective and framework tissue, such as blood vessels and sometimes muscle
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| Spermatozoon | Male sex cell, composed of head and tail
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| Flagellum | Hair-like process, makes the sperm motile, contains little food and cytoplasm, lives long enough to travel the fallopian tube
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| Ejaculation | Eject sperm and fluid from the urethra
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| Fraternal Twins | Fertization of separate ova by separate sperm celss, developing in utero with separate placentas
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| Identical Twins | Fertilization of a single egg by a single sperm. Fertilized egg cells divides and forms many cells, continues separating to further division producing embryo.
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| Testosterone | Male hormone produce male bodily characterists
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| Testes | Male Gonads
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| Scrotum | a sac enclosing the testes on the outside of the body for lower temperature from body
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| Spermatogenesis | maturation and development of sperm
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| Perineum | Between the anus and the scrotum at the floor of the pelvic cavity. Is analogous to the perineal region in the female
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| Seminiferous Tubules | Interior of a testis is composed of large mass of narrow, coiled tubules. Tubules contain cells that manufacture spermatozoa. After sperm formation, sperm cells move through the tubules.
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| Ovulation | producing an egg cell and discharging it from an ovary
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| Gestation | The entire period of development of the embryo in the uterus until birth
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| Adnexa | Accessory parts of an organ. "The adnexa uteri (of the uterus) are the ovaries and the fallopian tubes."
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| Genitalia | Reproductive Organs, female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina
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| Perineorrhaphy | Suture the perineum after childbirth
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| Episiotomy | At childbirth, cut of the perineum (between vagina & anus)
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| Perineum | Region on female between the vagina and anus. May be torn during childbirth, so surgeons cut it (episiotomy) and suture it (perineorrhaphy) after birth
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| Clitoris | Organ of sensitve erectile tissue anterior to the urethral meatus (opening of the urethra to the outside of the body)
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| Bartholin Glands | Small exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice (opening)
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| Vagina | Canal leading fromt the female external genitalia (vulva) to the cervix (lower necklike portion of the uterus)
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| Cul-De-Sac | Saclike cavity or region in the pelvis, midway between the recturm and the uterus
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| Uterus | Hollow muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity of females and in which the fertilized egg implants and develops
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| Fallopian Tubes | (also called Uterine tubesor ducts) Pair of narrow ducts through which ova pass fro the ovaries to the uterus
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| Ovary | Paired female reproductive organ (gonad) that produce ova (egg cells) and hormones (estrogen and progesterone)
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| Ova | Egg Cells
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| Gonad | Organ
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| Teratoma | Tumor occuring in the testes composed of different types of tissue, such as bone, hair, cartilage and skin cells
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| Aspermia | Lack of formation or ejaculation of semen
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| Sperm/o, Spermat/o | Spermatozoa, semen
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| Terat/o | Monster
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| Pseudocyesis | False pregnancy
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| oxytocia | rapid labor
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| leukorrhea | white discharge
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| dyspareunia | pain during intercouse
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| multigravida | woman who had more than one pregnancy
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| endometritis | inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus
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| amenorrhea | no menstral flow
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| mammoplasty | surgical repair of the breast
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| myomectomy | removal of falobian tubes
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| anovulatory | condition of no egg production
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| Salpingectomy | removal of falobian tubes
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| oligomenorrhea | scanty discharge
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| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina - bacteria causes: Gardnerella, Vaginalis
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| endocervicitis | inflammation of inner lining of the cervix
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| colporrhaphy | suture of the vagina
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| lactogenesis | secretion of milk
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| bilateral oophorectomy | removal of both ovaries
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| oogenesis | production of eggs
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| neonatal | pretaining to the newborn
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| metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding other than caused by mentruation, between periods
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| culdocentesis | withdrawal of fluid through wall of vagina
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| vulvovaginitis | inflammation of vagina and vulva
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| gynecomastia | condition of female breast enlarged in male, enlargement of one or both breasts
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| vasectomy | surgical removal vas deferan
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| vasovasostomy | reversal of the vasectomy
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| orchidopexy | operation to correct cryptorchism
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| spermatogenesis | maturation and development of sperm
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| azoospermia | lack of spermatozoa in the semen
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| varicocele | hernia above testes
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| Teratoma | Tumor of testes
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| aspermia | no sperm
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| oligospermia | scanty production of sperm
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| spermolytic | pertaining to destruction of sperm
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| orchitis | inflammation the testicles
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| orchiectomy | removal of the testicles (also, orchiectomy or castration)
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| hydrocele | hernia in sack
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| epididymitis | symptoms are fever, chills, pain in the groin, tender swollen epididyms
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| cryptorchism | hidden testicles
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| balanitis | inflammation of the glands of penis, bacteria or viruses often cause inflammation and infections of the male reproduction system
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