EKG
Help!
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| EQUIPMENT | Electrodes/ sensors
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| Electrodes | Plastic strips
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| Plastic strips | Attach 10 to PTs skin they help in conduction of current from PTs body to EKG MACHINE
THEY HAVE ELECTROLYTE GEL - helps in conduction
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| Alcohol swabs | Cleaning the skin from oil and dirt or lotions and if PT has ( diaphoresis) excessive sweat
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| Absorbs sweat with | Gauze and then cleanse with alcohol swab
Sometimes sand paper
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| Disposable razors | Remove hair for testing
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| Leads | Is the passage of currant from one electrode to another
( this shows the motion on the stylus paper
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| 12 lead EKG | 10 sensors on PTs body
Electrodes----4 limbs -----6 chest
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| 6 limb 3 standard | 3 standard limb leads
( bipolar leads)
Needs 2 points to get complete ( pt to pt )
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| 6 limb 3 augmented | 3 augmented limb leads
( unipolar)
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| 6 chest leads | V1 ----- v6
Precordial leads
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| Vector | Arrows that shows direction of the flow or the current
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| Leads 6 limb 6 standard | Standard limb leads always in Roman numerals l , ll , lll
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| 3 augmented limb leads | AVR/ RT
AVL /Lf
AVF/ foot
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| AVR/AVL/ AVF ( AV STANDS FOR AUGMENTED VOLTAGE) | AV STANDS FOR AUGMENTED VOLTAGE
INCREASE= augmented voltage
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| Roman numeral # 1 ( standard ) | Is between RA and LA
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| Roman numeral # 2 ( standard ) | Is between RA and LL
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| Roman numeral # 3 ( standard) | Is between LA and LL
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| Precordial lead | 6 chest leads v1 threw v6
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| AVR / right | From the midpoint LA and LL TOWARDS the RIGHT ARM
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| AVL /left | From the midpoint of RA and LL TOWARDS THE LEFT ARM
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| AVF/ foot | From the midpoint of the RA and LA TOWARDS LEFT LEG
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| RL / right leg | Is a ground not taking part in the leads
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| Chest leads V1 RED | V1 = 4th intercostal space ( ICS) RIGHT SIDE OF STERNUM
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| Chest leads V2 YELLOW | V2= 4th (ICS ) LEFT SIDE OF STERNUM
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| Chest leads V3 GREEN | V3 = IS BETWEEN V2 and V4
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| Chest leads V4 BLUE | V4 = is 5th ( ICS) LEFT SIDE OF MIDCLAVICULAR LINE
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| Chest leads V5 ORANGE | V5 = 5th ( ICS) LEFT SIDE ANTERIOR AXILLARY LINE
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| Chest leads V6 PURPLE | V6 = 5th (ICS) LEFTSIDE MID AXILLARY LINE ( BY BACK SIDE)
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| 12 leads = | 10 electrodes passing of current
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| RA COLOR | Right arm = WHITE
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| RL COLOR | Right leg = GREEN ( GROUND)
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| LA COLOR | Left arm = BLACK
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| LL COLOR | Left leg = RED
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| V1 color ( traffic light) | RED
Short red placed at 4th ( ICS) right side of sternum
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| V2 color (Traffic light) | YELLOW
Is placed at 4th (ICS) Left side of sternum
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| V3 color ( traffic light) | GREEN
Short green placed at V2 and V4
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| V4 color ( bop ) | BLUE
Is placed at MIDCLAVICULAR line
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| V5 color ( bop) | ORANGE
Placed at anterior AXILLARY line
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| V6 color ( bop ) | PURPLE
Placed at midaxillary
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| What are the colors of the first 4 and where are they placed | ( RL / GREEN) ( LL / RED) ( RA/ WHITE) ( LA / BLACK)
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| Which is the ground wire | RL = GREEN
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| Name the 3 standard limb leads | ROMAN NUMERALS 1/2/3
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| Standard leads are | BIPOLAR
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| Name the 3 augmented leads | AVR / AVL / AVF
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| Augmented leads are | Unipolar
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| Another name for the chest leads | Pre Cordial
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| Artifacts | Tracings on the EKG paper that is not coming from the PTs heart
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| Normal patient position for performing an EKG | SUPRINE
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| If the patient has a head injury raise the | Bed to 30% angle
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| If the patient is having trouble breathing raise the | Bed to 45% angle
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| This layer of the skin is composed of living cells and is needed to detect Electrical signals for the EKG | The dermis
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| Clinical term for sweating profusely | Diaphoresis
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| PTs with Diaphoresis need to be cleaned with | Wipe with gauze and then cleanse skin with with alcohol swab
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| Interference on the EKG NOT COMING FROM THE PT is called | ARTIFACTS/ AC INTERFERENCE
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| Who must recognize the ac interference and correct it | The MA
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| What causes a WANDERING BASE LINE | Loose electrodes/too little gel / too much hair
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| What does a wandering base line look like | Uneven baseline
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| How do you fix a wandering base line | Check all electrodes
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| What is a SOMATIC TREMOR | Muscle movement
(Voluntary-- laugh sneeze moves)
( unvoluntary ----Parkinson's)
If Parkinson's place electrodes on torso
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| What does a SOMATIC TREMOR LOOK LIKE | Unnatural baseline / deflection/ jägered peaks
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| Voluntary SOMATIC TREMOR HOW DO YOU FIX | Check for dangling arms / legs -- make PT COMFORTABLE--- room temp
PT IS SHIVERD
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| Involuntary SOMATIC TREMOR HOW DO YOU FIX | Parkinson's PT s put electrodes on torso
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| What causes a 60 second interference | Frayed wires / crossed wires / or other electrical equipment
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| What does a 60 second interference look like | Small fuzzy lines
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| How do you fix a 60 second interference | Check all wires and all electrodes
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| What causes an interrupted baseline | Detached electrodes
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| What does interrupted baseline look like | Breaks between complexes
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| How do you fix an interrupted baseline | Check all electrodes
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| .AC INTERFERENCE | AC = ALTERNATING CURRENT
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| If you see interference on leads 1 & 111 , which sensor Or electrode would you check | LA
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| If you see interference on leads 11 & 111, which sensor Or electrode would you check | LL
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| If you see interference on leads 1&11, which sensor or Electrode would you check | RA
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| If you see interference on leads 1&AVR which sensor or Electrode would you check | RA
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| If you see interference on leads 11. & AVF which sensor or Electrode would you check | LL
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| If you see interference on leads 111 & AVL which sensor or electrode Would you check | LA
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| If you found interference on leads 1&111 what other lead will most likely have interference | AVL
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| If you found interference on leads 11&111 which other lead will most likely have interference | AVF
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| ANTERIOR | FRONT
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| POSTERIOR | BACK /BEHIND
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| SEPTAL | Pertaining to the septum ( heart )
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| SUPERIOR | ABOVE
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| INFERIOR | BELOW
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| APICAL | PERTAINING TO THE APEX
( 5th ICS LEFT SIDE)
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| LATERAL | SIDE
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| This is determined by measuring the R-R INTERVALS ACROSS THE ENTIRE RHYTHM STRIP | RHYTHM
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| If the R-R Intervals all measure the same the | The RHYTHM is termed REGULAR
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| Which lead is placed at the 4th ICS RT SIDE OF THE STERNUM | V1 - RED
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| Which lead is placed at the 4th ICS LEFT SIDE OF THE STERNUM | V1- YELLOW
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| Which lead is placed between V2 & V4 | V3 - green
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| Which lead is placed at the 5th ICS LEFT SIDE OF MIDCLAVCAL LINE | V4- BLUE
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| Which lead is places at the 5th ICS LEFT SIDE ANTERIOR AXILLARY LINE | V5- ORANGE
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| Which lead is placed at the 5th ICS LEFT SIDE MIDAXILLARY LINE | V6- PURPLE
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