Dr. Cutler- South University- Chapters 1-3
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| 3 serous membranes | 1. pleural (surrounds lungs) 2. Pericardium (covers heart) 3. Peritoneum (abdominopelvic organs & lines cavity)
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| visceral | gut/internal organs
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| parietal | wall
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| viscera pleura | inside lungs
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| parietal pleura | wall of lungs
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| viscera pericardium | inside heart
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| parietal pericardium | wall of heart
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| viscera peritoneum | inside abdomen
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| parietal peritoneum | wall of abdomen
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| 4 quadrants | URQ, ULQ, LLQ, LRQ
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| Upper Right Quadrant (URQ) | Liver; Spleen
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| Lower Right Quadrant (LRQ) | Small intestine; Appendix
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| Upper Left Quadrant (ULQ) | Stomach
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| Lower Left Quadrant (LLQ) | Large intestine
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| Matter = | Atoms
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| Oxygen | O
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| Carbon | C
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| Hydrogen | H
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| Nitrogen | N
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| Atom | smallest unit of matter -- retain the properties & characteristics of an element
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| Subatomic particles | Electrons, Protons & Neurons
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| # of electrons on outer shell | 8
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| # of electrons on inner shell | 2
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| Chemical bonds | forces of attraction (like magnets)
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| Valence shell | furthest shell out
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| Hydrogen ("loose" friend) | 1 electron; wants/needs 2 electrons
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| Molecule | 2 or more atoms; share electrons
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| Compound | contains 2 or more different elements
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| Ion | atoms that lost or gained electron
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| Ion gained | more negative
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| Ion lost | more positive
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| ionization | act of gaining/losing electrons
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| cation | positively charged ions
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| anion | negatively charged ions
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| Covalent bond | sharing of ions - 3 types
1. Single
2. Double
3. Triple
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| Water is... | Polar covalent molecule
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| Hydrogen bond | VERY weak; kind of liked a 2 year old
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| Surface Tension | results form H+ atoms sticking together
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| Chemical Bond | new bonds formed/old bonds broken
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| Chemical bond; 3 components | 1. Reactants (eggs and flour)
2. Products (cake)
3. Metabolism (mixing egg and flour)
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| Energy | capacity to do work
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| 3 types of energy | 1. Potential = stored
2. Kinetic = released due to motion
3. Chemical = stored in bonds
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| concentration | more particles present, more likely to collide
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| temperature | particles move faster when heated up causing them to collide with enough force to disrupt the valence
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| synthesis | 2 or more atoms combine to form new and larger atoms
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| anabolic | body's synthesis reaction
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| decomposition | splitting of larger molecules
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| catabolism | usually exergonic - release more energy than absorb
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| Exchange | both synthesis and decomposition in reaction together
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| Oxidation- reduction (OIL RIG) | Transfer of electrons
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| oxidation | loss
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| reduction | gain
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| no carbon = | inorganic
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| Water is .... | a universal solvent
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| solution | combination of solvent and solute
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| solvent | dissolves another substance
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| solute | thing being dissolved
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| normal blood pH | 7.35- 7.45
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| Acidosis | pH below 7.35
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| Alkalosis | pH above 7.45
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| cytology | study of cells
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| sex cells | reproductive cells
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| somatic | all body cells except sex cells
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| extracellular fluid | watery/medium outside cell
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| Plasma membrane | fluid mosaic (stained class window)
outside of cell (phospholipid bilayer)
selectively permeable
separates external and internal
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| plasma membrane proteins | integral
periperal
receptor
carrier
channel (transfer)
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| Glycocalyx | sugary sweet outer coating (sweet tea)
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| Osmosis = | water as solvent
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| Diffusion= | salt or sugar as solute
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| Facilitated Diffusion: Osmosis | water follows rock stats!! More rock stars the farther water will move
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