Chapter 8 American Imperialism
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| Jose Marti | he organized a rebellion while living in exile in the United States (Ybor City, Tampa). He was killed one month later in Cuba.
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| Origins of the Spanish-American War | most Cubans were laborers working on sugar and tobacco plantations with no hope of economic advancement.
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| General Weyler | he was the Spanish general in Cuba who practiced extremely harsh methods of stopping the rebellion in Cuba.
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| Yellow Journalism | also known as the Yellow Press where newspapers/media sensationalized and distorted news events to arouse interest and evoke sympathy for the Cuban Revolution.
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| Origins of the Spanish-American War | American economic interests in Cuba were being threatened due to the Cuban Civil War.
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| Enrique Dupuy de Lome | he was the Spanish ambassador to the United States who wrote a disrespectful letter calling President McKinley "weak".
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| U.S.S. Maine | this United States Naval Warship was deployed to Havana Harbor to protect American interests during the Cuban Civil War. Mysteriously, the ship exploded and sabotage was exclaimed.
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| Outcome of the Spanish-American War | Spain lost Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam. Cuba became independent and the Philippines was purchased by the United States for 20 million dollars.
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| imperialism | the rule of one country by another
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| Teller Amendment | This was an amendment by Congress promising that the United States would not annex Cuba
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| The need for raw materials and markets | these are reasons for the spread of imperialism by United States.
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| The competition with European powers | the United States felt the need to expand its territory because many of the European countries had been doing this for years and we were behind.
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| Rudyard Kipling | He wrote "The White Man's Burden" of which is a poem profiling the need for a dominate "Anglo-Saxon" society. This is racism in its purest form.
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| anti-imperialist argument | they felt that imperialism was wrong and immoral. It goes against the most basic values of American democracy.
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| Emilio Aguinaldo | he led the Filipino rebels in their rebellion against the United States.
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| The Jones Act 1902 | This act gave Filipinos the right to elect both houses of the own legislature in 1916 and promised eventually independence.
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| The Philippines and Hawaii | both of these territories resisted United States ownership and openly rebelled.
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| Queen Liliuokalani | she tried to take back political power for the Hawaii people against wealthy landowners. She was defeated by a military action
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| Midway, Guam and Samoa | these smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean were acquired by the United States (either by purchase or as a war prize). They are examples of United States expansion/imperialism.
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| Puerto Rico | this Caribbean island was acquired from the Spanish after the Spanish-American War. In 1952, it became a "Commonwealth" and is under general United States control today.
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| Platt Amendment 1901 | this amendment replace the Teller Amendment stating that the conditions for withdraw of U.S. troops from Cuba. Cuba could not borrow money from European countries and the United States has the right to intervene in the affairs of the Cuban government.
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| The Virgin Islands | these islands were purchased from Denmark in 1917
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| Open Door Policy | in 1899, this is the approach made by the United States in regards to China and free trade.
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| John Hay | he was the United States Secretary of State that created the "Open Door Policy" of free trade with China
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| Boxer Rebellion | this rebellion occurred in China only months after the Open Door Policy was implemented. Chinese nationals that were opposed to foreign influences and involvement in Chinese affairs sought to push all of the outsiders out.
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| Mathew Perry | this American Commodore (naval officer) sailed a fleet into Tokyo Harbor and demanded that Japan open itself to Western trade.
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| Panama Canal | the United States maneuvered to acquire land from Panama (formerly owned by Colombia) to construct a canal of which would significantly decrease the distance of ocean trade routes from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. It cost 400 million to build.
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| Monroe Doctrine | In 1823, President Monroe announced that the United States would oppose any attempt by European Powers to "re colonize" any lands in the Western Hemisphere (by the United States).
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| Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine | or the Big Stick Policy, it involved the United States sending troops anywhere in the Caribbean to enforce American diplomacy, trade and policy.
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| "speak softly and carry a big stick" | this expression symbolized the philosophy of President Theodore Roosevelt and the United States concerning their actions in the Caribbean Sea and Central America.
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| Woodrow Wilson | this President of the United States continued to keep the United States involved in the affairs of Haiti, Nicaragua, Mexico and the Dominican Republic.
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| Pancho Villa | a Mexican rebel leader who attacked a small Texas town and struggled against the Mexican government of the time.
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| 1914 "watchful waiting" | President Wilson sent American troops into Mexico to stop Germans from landing arms there for General Huerta.
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| 1913 Murder in Mexico | General Huerta (a Mexican General) overthrew the Mexican government and murdered the current Mexican leader. The United States refused to recognize this new Mexican government.
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| Dollar Diplomacy | President Taft's use of American investment to promote American foreign policy objectives was called this.
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