reproductive system
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| somatic cells contain how many chromosomes | 46
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| of the 46 chromosomes how many are sex chromosomes | 2
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| what the other chromosomes called that aren't sex chromosomes | autosomes
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| the sperms contains ...... chromosomes | 23
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| the egg contains.... chromosomes | 23
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| the combination of ......... determines the sex of a baby | sex
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| x chromosomes are ...... | female
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| y chromosomes are.... | male
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| the mother always provides ..... chromosomes | x
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| how are somatic cells divided | mitosis
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| sex cells divide by | meiosis
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| mitosis creates... | another cell with all of the DNA from the first cell
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| meiosis creates | another cell with only half of the DNA as the original
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| how many cycles of division is meiosis | 2
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| when an egg precursor cell divides, half of the genetic material is discarded in the form of | polar body
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| the main structures of the female reproductive system | vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries
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| what are the layers of the uterus | endometruim, myometrium, perimetruim
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| what is the opening to the cervix called | cervical os
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| how is the vagina lubricated during sex | glands in the vagina secrete fluid
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| the outer portion of the female genitalia contains 2 folds called | labium minus (inner lip area), labium majus (outer lip area)
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| the vagina terminates at the | cervix
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| the uterus is what kind of organ | muscular
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| the endometrium layer of the uterus does what? | fertilized egg deposits here
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| the myometrium layer of the uterus does what | middle muscle layer
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| the perimetrium layer is the... layer | outer
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| an egg is only present in the uterus during | ovulation
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| ovulation is | when an egg matures in the ovary and is ejected into the fallopian tube
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| the male reproductive system included the | penis, testes, vas deferens, epididymis, seminiferous tubules, prostate gland and bulbourethral gland.
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| what is the storage structure for sperm | epidydimis
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| the epidydimis is located where | on the top of each testicle
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| the .... is a muscular tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra during ejaculation | vas deferens
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| the winding tubes in the testes are called | seminiferous tubules
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| sperm are produced by dividing cells called | sertoli cells
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| during development what develop near the kidneys | ovaries and testes
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| testicles pass through abdonimal walls to the scrotum through | small canal (descend out)
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| the small canal the testicles pass through is called | inguinal canal
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| how does an inguinal hernia happen | if the inguinal canal does not close after testes drop, the small intestines may fall through
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| what is the name of the tail of a sperm | flagellum
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| what powers the sperm tail | mitocondria
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| what are the 3 parts of a sperm | head, midpiece, tail
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| where is mitochondria found in sperm | midpiece
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| how does the sperm break through the barrier of the egg | sperm contain enzymes to digest through the wall.
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| where is the DNA in a sperm | the head
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| what are the 3 spongy tubes in penis | corpus cavernous (left & right) and corpus spongiosum
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| what system causes arteries to supply blood to the penis to dilate | autonomic nervous system
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| what system controls ejaculation | sympathetic nervous system
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| how does the sympathetic nervous system control ejaculation | contracts smooth muscle around the glands, epididymis, vas deferens and urethra
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| what causes ED | peripheral atherosclerosis
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| what does viagra do | inhibits the enzyme involved in dilating blood vessels in the penis from releasing, keeping the vasculature in the penis constricted
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