8th gd Revolutionary Era
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| American Revolution | Colonial revolt against the British; 1776-1783
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| Articles of Confederation | Created a loose confederation of states for newly independent colonies; many weaknesses
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| Battles at Lexington & Concord | Marked the start of the American Revolution; “the shot heard round the world”
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| Battle of Saratoga | British were defeated; marked the turning point in the war; the French entered into an alliance with colonists after this battle
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| Battle of Yorktown | Last major battle of American Revolution; British surrendered; French help surround the British navy
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| Declaration of Independence | Issued by Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776; listed colonial grievances; Thomas Jefferson primary author
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| French & Indian War | War between France & Britain over control of the Ohio River Valley; British wanted to tax colonies to repay the war debts
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| Grievance | A complaint of something wrong or a hardship suffered
EX- The colonists hated the new taxes imposed by the King - Stamp Act
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| Intolerable Acts | A series of laws placed on the colonies by King George III to punish them for their rebellious spirit
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| Mercantilism | Economic system where trade is controlled to benefit the “Mother Country;” colonist expected to ship raw products at low prices to Britain
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| Revolution | A fundamental change in power; a “turn around”
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| July, 4, 1776 | The colonials declared their independence from Great Britain on this day.
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| Taxation without Representation | In response to a series of taxes placed on the colonies; colonials protested - they had no representation or “voice” in Parliament
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| Treaty | An agreement or between two or more countries in reference to peace, alliance or other international issues
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| Treaty of Paris 1783 | Officially end the American Revolution; British recognized colonies’ independence; gave lands to Americans
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| Boycott | To stop buying or using the goods or services of a certain company or country as a protest; Colonists boycotted British goods to protest against the King.
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| Patriot | Colonists who rebelled against British control and wanted independence from England
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| Loyalist | Loyalists were American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War "Red Coats"
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| Stamp Act | Colonists must pay for the stamp of the King on all documents (cards, newspapers, ect)
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| Proclamation (Line) Act 1763, | A law that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
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| Militia | Troops of voluntary citizen-soldiers; minutemen
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| Winter at Valley Forge | Washington’s starving, poorly equipped troops trained here during freezing winter
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| Tarrif | A tax, usually on imported goods
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