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Cranial Nerves

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Cranial Nerves by Name
Cranial Nerves by Number
Cranial Nerve Type
Cranial Nerve Function
Location of Nuclei
Olfactory Nerve   I   Special Sensory   Olfaction (smell)   Arises as bipolar neurons from olfactory mucosa.  
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Optic Nerve   II   Special Sensory   Vision   Signals initiated by rods and cones of retina relayed by bipolar neurons to ganglion cells.  
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Oculomotor Nerve   III   Motor and Sensory   Sup. Div.- Motor to Sup. Rectus(extrinsic eye muscle) and Levator Palpebrae Superioris(elevates the eyelid) Inf. Div.- Motor to Medial and Inf. Rectus and Inf. Oblique(3 extrinsic eye muscles); also provides parasympathetic innervation to iris and lens.   Midbrain  
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Trochlear Nerve   IV   Motor and Sensory   Motor fibers innervate the superior oblique muscle of eyeball (an extrinsic eye muscle).   Midbrain  
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Trigeminal Nerve   V   Motor and Sensory   This cranial nerve has 3 branches: Opthalmic Branch, Maxillary Branch and a Mandibular Branch. Has 3 branches: Opthalmic Branch, Maxillary Branch and a Mandibular Branch. Maxillary Branch provide motor input to muscles of mastication.   Pons  
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Abducens Nerve   VI   Motor and Sensory   Provides motor innervation to the lateral rectus to bring about abduction of the eyeball (turn it laterally).   Pons  
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Facial Nerve   VII   Motor and Sensory   Motor-Innervates the muscles of facial expression. •Parasympathetics- to lacrimal (secretions of tears), sublingual and submandibular glands (secretions of saliva). •Sensory-extends from taste buds in anterior 2/3rds of the tongue.   Pons  
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Vestibulocochlear Nerve   VIII   Motor and Sensory   Cochlear Branch-conveys nerve impulses associated with hearing arising in the spiral organ of Corti in the cochlea. ••Vestibular Branch-begins in the semicircular canals of inner ear. Transmits impulses related to equilibrium and balance.   Pons (impulses related to hearing are in the medulla)  
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve   IX   Motor and Sensory   Provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland to mediate secretion of saliva. •Sensory fibers supply the pharynx and taste buds of the posterior 1/3rd of tongue.   Medulla  
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Vagus Nerve   X   Motor and Sensory   •Motor fibers-This cranial nerve generates visceral, cardiac and skeletal muscle movement. •Sensory fibers-mainly visceral sensory information from the same structures innervated by motor fibers.   Medulla  
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Accessory Nerve   XI   Motor and Sensory   •Originates from both the brain stem and spinal cord. •Supplies voluntary muscles of the pharynx, larynx and soft palate used for swallowing. •The spinal portion conveys motor impulses to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.   Medulla  
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Hypoglossal Nerve   XII   Motor and Sensory   Motor-Supplies muscles of the tongue.   Medulla  
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Created by: aholzer
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