ANAT & PHYS I: THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
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| Include microscopic, permeable, blind-ended capillaries, Lymphatic collecting vessels AND Trunks and ducts | Lymphatic Vessels
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| Similar to blood capillaries, with modifications: Very permeable Loosely joined endothelial minivalves Withstand interstitial pressure and remain open. | Lymphatic Capillaries
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| specialized lymph capillaries present inintestinal mucosa | Lacteals
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| drains the right upper armand the right side of the head and thorax | Right lymphatic duct
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| arises from the cisterna chyli anddrains the rest of the body | Thoracic duct
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| The lymphatic system lacks a | pumping organ
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| Uses the same methods as veins to propel lymph: Contractions of smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatics | Lymph Transport
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| Manage the immune response Attack and destroy foreign cells. | T cells
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| Produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodiesAntibodies immobilize antigens. | B cells
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| phagocytize foreign substances andhelp activate T cells | Macrophages
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| spiny-looking cells with functions similar to macrophages | Dendritic cells
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| fibroblast–like cells that produce astroma, or network, that supports other cell types in lymphoid organs | Reticular cells
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| Two basic functions:Filtration – macrophages destroy microorganisms and debrisImmune system activation – monitor for antigens and mount an attack against them | Lymph Nodes
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| extended inward from the capsule anddivide the node into compartments | Trabeculae
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| Nodes have two histologically distinct regions: a | cortex and a medulla
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| Medullary cords extend from the cortex and contain | B cells, T cells, and plasma cells
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| Throughout the node are lymph sinuses crisscrossed by | reticular fibers
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| reside on reticular fibers and phagocytizeforeign matter | Macrophages
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| afferent lymphatic vessels | Lymph enters via
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| Largest lymphoid organ, Immune surveillance and response, Cleanses the blood | Spleen
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| The Spleen: Site of fetal | erythrocyte production
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| Which area of the Spleen: containing mostly lymphocytes suspended on reticular fibers and involved in immune functions | White pulp
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| Which area of the Spleen: remaining splenic tissue concerned with disposing of worn-out RBCs and bloodbornepathogens | RED PULP
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| A bilobed organ that secretes hormones (thymosinand thymopoietin) that cause T lymphocytes tobecome immunocompetent | Thymus
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| contains fewer lymphocytes and thymic(Hassall’s) corpuscles (thymus) | MEDULLA
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| contains densely packed lymphocytes andscattered macrophages (THYMUS) | CORTEX
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| The THYMUS functions strictly in | T lymphocyte maturation
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| The thymus does not directly fight | antigens
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| The stroma of the thymus consists of star-shaped | epithelial cells
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| isolated clusters of lymphoid tissue, similar to tonsils, Destroy bacteria, preventing them from breaching the intestinal wall | Peyer’s patches
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| protects the digestive and respiratory systems from foreign matter | MALT – mucosa associated lymphatic tissue
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| Generate “memory” lymphocytes for long-term immunity. Aggregates of lymphoid nodules located in the wall of the ileum. | Peyer's patches
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| site of T cell maturation | Thymus
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| This structure attached to the cecum is in an ideal place to destroy bacteria before it migrates into the large intestine | appendix
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| What lymphatic structure absorbs excess tissue fluid? | capillary
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| What lymphatic structure absorbs lipids in the intestine? | lacteal
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| What lymphatic structure forms from the merging of the intestinal and lumbar trunks? | cisterna chyli
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| What lymphatic structures trap bacteria in the posterior oral mucosa? | palatine tonsils
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| Which sequence best describes the flow of lymph through the lymphatic system? | Capillaries - vessels - trunks - ducts
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| It drains the lymph from the entire left side of the body and the right abdomen and leg Hint: drains its lymph at the junction of the left internal jugular and subclavian veins. | thoracic duct
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| The lymphoid organs, located in the throat, that defend against invading bacteria coming in through the mouth and nose are | tonsils
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| line the sinuses, they process foreign material passing through the sinuses. | Macrophages
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| A bilobed organ that secrets hormones (thymosin and thymopoietin) that cause T lymphocytes to become immunocompetent | Thymus
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| tonsils – either side of the posterior end of the oral cavity | Palatine
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| tonsils that lie at the base of the tongue | Lingual
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| tonsil at the posterior wall of the nasopharynx | Pharyngeal
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| tonsils that surrounds the openings of the auditory tubes into the pharynx | Tubal
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| ____ _____ _____ lacks an organ that acts as a pump | The lymphatic system
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| Antigen are anything the body perceives as | foreign
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