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ANAT & PHYS I: THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

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Question
Answer
Primary sex organs (gonads) – in males,   testes  
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Primary sex organs (gonads) – in females   ovaries  
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Sac of skin and superficial fascia that hangs outsidethe abdominopelvic cavity at the root of the penis   The Scrotum  
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Contains paired testicles separated by a midline septum   The Scrotum  
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A copulatory organ designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract   PENIS  
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cuff of skin covering the distal end of the penis   Prepuce, or foreskin  
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paired dorsal erectile bodiesbound by fibrous tunica albuginea   CORPUS CAVERNOSA  
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surrounds the urethra and expands to form the glans and bulb of the penis   Corpus spongiosum  
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Upon ejaculation this contracts,expelling sperm into the ductus deferens   epididymis  
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Propels sperm from the epididymis to the urethra   Ductus Deferens and Ejaculatory Duct  
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Conveys both urine and semen (at different times)   URETHRA  
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 Its milky, slightly acid fluid, which contains citrate, enzymes, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA),accounts for one-third of the semen volume Plays a role in the activation of sperm   Prostate Gland  
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Produce thick, clear mucus prior to ejaculation thatneutralizes traces of acidic urine in the urethra   Bulbourethral Glands  
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Its duct has stereocilia that: Absorb testicular fluid, Pass nutrients to the sperm   epididymis  
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The cells which contract to cause milk ejection are the   myoepithelial cells  
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Which hormones is found in a female birth control pill?   estrogen and progesterone  
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The hormone most directly responsible for suppressing uterine contractions during early pregnancy is   progesterone  
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The ovary is attached to the uterus by the ovarian ligament AND to the pelvic wall by the   suspensory ligament  
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For girls, the first changes of puberty are calledHINT: The development of the breasts   thelarche.  
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Stratified cuboidal cells called granulosa cells surround the oocyte, forming   primary follicle  
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Which hormone is responsible for the enlargement of the uterus, the development of mammary ducts, and the softening of the pubic symphysis and the sacroiliac joints   estrogen  
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The most correct sequence of organs through which the egg passes from the ovary to the outside is   infundibulum > isthmus of Fallopian tube > body of uterus > cervix > vagina  
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suspends the ovary in between   Mesovarium  
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contains the suspensory ligament and the mesovariument   Broad ligament  
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Each follicle consists of an immature egg called an   oocyte  
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Cells around the oocyte (one cell layer thick)are called:   Follicle cells  
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Cells around the oocyte when more than one layer are called present)   Granulosa cells  
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The cylindrical inferior end of the uterus is called the   CERVIX  
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The period after birth in which the mother's anatomy and physiology return to the normal pregravid state is called   puerperium  
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The level of this hormone rises sharply just prior to ovulation   LH  
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This hormone directly causes the endometrium to thicken after ovulation   progesterone  
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Human chorionic gonadotropin has this effect   promotes corpus luteum  
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Genetic variation is NOT enhanced through   mitosis  
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In response to parasympathetic stimulation   blood flow increases to the penis  
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The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that   in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced  
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The usual site of fertilization is the   uterine tube also called fallopian tubes  
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The uterine layer which is shed with each monthly cycle is   the functional layer of endometrium  
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These cells located in between seminiferous tubules produce testosterone   interstitial  
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Under which uterine phase does the functional layer of the endometrium start to rebuild   Proliferative  
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Which cell type is actually ovulated from the ovary?HINT:Females do NOT ovulate true egg cells   Secondary oocyte  
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Which is the most correct sequence of sperm flow in the male duct system?   Seminiferous tubules; epididymis; vas deferens; ampulla; ejaculatory duct; urethra  
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Which represents a correct cascade of reproductive hormones in males   GnRH; LH/FSH; testosterone + inhibin  
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Within the ovary, progesterone is produced by the   corpus luteum  
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What hormone is responsible for the secondary sex characteristics found in womenHINT: This hormone makes women look like women   Estrogen  
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How do birth control pills (oral contraceptives) work   They inhibit the release of FSH and LH by a negative feedback mechanism, preventing ovulation  
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During which phase is the corpus luteum formed   Secretory  
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The muscular wall of the uterus is called the   Myometrium  
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Which hormone causes the oocyte to matureHINT: stimulates the follicular cells and oocyte   FSH  
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They surround the seminiferous tubules and contract rhythmically to squeeze sperm and testicular fluid through the tubules out of the testes   myoid cells  
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Which of the following absorb heat from the testes?   the pampiniform plexus  
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What structures passes through the inguinal canal?   the spermatic cord  
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Which structure makes up most of the male urethral length?   spongy urethra  
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is essential for an erection to occur in a male.   nitric oxide  
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is a maturation site for spermatogonia and does not contain meiotically active cells   epididymis  
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The meiotically active cells in the testes lie in the   adluminal compartment  
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also known as the Graafian follicle, is the mature ovarian follicle.   The vesicular follicle  
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Fertilization usually occurs in   ampulla of the fallopian tube  
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Which structure provides the principal support for the uterus   The muscles of the pelvic floor  
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The _________ in the female is homologous of the penile bulb and corpus spongiosum in the male   bulbs of the vestibule  
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The labia majora in the female are homologous to the   scrotum in the male  
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What pituitary hormone(s) control ovulation and production of female hormones by the ovary?   follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH)  
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After ovulation, the follicular cells that remain in the ovary become the   corpus luteum  
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is the tube that connects the epididymis, where the sperm are stored, to the urethra, the duct that can carry either urine or semen.   The vas deferens  
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