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Ch2/3 Rubenstein Vocab

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Question
Answer
Demography   The scientific study of population characteristics  
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Ecumene   A portion of the Earth occupied by permanent human settlement  
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Arithmetic Density   Total number of people divided by the total land area  
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Physiological Density   Number of people per unit of land suitable for agriculture  
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Agricultural Density   Number of farmers per unit of land suitable for agriculture  
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Crude Birth Rate (CBR)   Total number of live births per year for every 1,000 people alive  
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Crude Death Rate (CDR)   Total number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people alive  
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Natural Increase Rate (NIR)   The percentage by which a population grows each year  
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Doubling Time   Number of years needed to double a population  
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Infant Mortallity Rate (IMR)   Annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1000 people in the population  
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Life Expectancy   The average number of years a newborn can hope to live at birth  
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Demographic Transition   Similar processes of change in society's population broken down into 4 stages  
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Agricultural Revolution   Burst of population growth around 8000 B.C. where humans domesticated plants and animals.  
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Emigration   Migration FROM a location  
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Zero Population Growth (ZPG)   When birth rate equals death rate  
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Population Pyramid   Graphic that shows percentage of the total population by age group and gender  
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Dependency Ratio   Ratio of the number of people to old or young to work compared to people in productive years  
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Chain Migration   Migration of people to a specific location because relatives previously migrated there  
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Age-sex Distribution   percent of total population or population of each sex, at each age.  
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Total Fertility Rate (TFR)   Average number of children a woman will have during childbearing years  
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Medical Revolution   Late 20th century push of countries into stage 2 caused by new medical technology  
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Epidemiologic Transition   Focuses on distinctive causes of death in each demographic transition model  
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Immigration   Migration INTO a location  
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Overpopulation   The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living  
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Industrial Revolution   A conjunction of major industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods and delivering them to market-1750  
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Carrying Capacity   The number of people a region can support based on amount of available resources  
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Neo-Malthusian   Supporter of Thomas Malthus's theory  
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Thomas Malthus   Proposed theory about population growth: population grows more rapidly than food supply.  
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Interregional Migration   Permanent movement within a particular country  
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International Migration   Permanent movement from one country to another  
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Intraregional Migration   Permanent movement within a region of a country  
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Net Migration   difference between the level of immigration and emigration  
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Pull factors   induces people to move into a new location  
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Push factors   induces people to move out of a location  
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Refugees   people who have been forced to migrate from their homes and cannot return because of fear of persecution of race, religion, nationality, membership in a group, or political opinion  
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Brain Drain   Large-scale emigration by talented people  
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