this is the study guide
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| emperor | Person who had full decision-making across an entire empire
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| patrician | wealthy individuals that often used slave labor to maintain and increase their wealth/power
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| plebeian | An ordinary citizen in the ancient Roman Republic: could vote
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| freedman | This was a former slave that was rewarded with freedom (through good deeds, or paying for his/her own freedom): some could vote and others could not. They often were still treated like slaves
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| slave | These were individuals who were forced to work for others: they received no pay, although they were provided with clothing and food
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| ways to become a slave | 1. Prisoner of war, 2. owing money 3. captured by pirates, 4. given away by poor family members, 5. punishment for committing a crime
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| artisan | A skilled craftsperson
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| elite | those with more power and wealth (i.e. patricians in Rome)
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| domestic servants | some slaves worked as nannies, cooks, or even entertainers in wealthier households
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| Middle East | Part of the Fertile Crescent: 3 major world religions trace their origins to this location
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| reincarnation | the religious belief of rebirth: common to Hinduism
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| India | the birthplace for Hinduism and Buddhism
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| monotheistic | belief in one all-powerful being/ god
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| polytheistic | belief in many powerful beings/gods
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| ethical | Having to do with morals, values, right and wrong; in accordance with standards of right conduct
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| self-transformation | Major world religions tried to guide their members into behaviors that would make them better people
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| path to eternal salvation | Each world religion offered guidelines how to reach a satisfying afterlife
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| key features of a world religion | 1. It is portable, 2. It could spread to several geographical regions, 3. appeals/unites many different people, 4. keeps developing, does not fade away
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| sacred | regarded with great respect by a particular religious group and having a spiritual dimension
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| secular | NOT regarded with great respect by a particular religious group and having no spiritual dimension; worldly
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| missionary | a person sent to promote a particular religion in a foreign place
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| diaspora | the dispersion (spreading out) of people beyond their original homeland
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| Judiaism | This religion is a very strong example of a diaspora
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| karma | The Hindu/Buddhist belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life.
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| power | the ability, strength, and capacity to do something
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| authority | the right to use power to enforce rules or give orders.
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| religion | A system of beliefs shared by a group with objects for devotion, rituals for worship and a code of ethics
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| science | An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world.
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| China | starting spot for Confucianism and Taoism
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| Zoroastrianism | A religion that developed in early Persia and stressed the fight between the forces of good and the forces of evil and how eventually the forces of good would prevail.
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