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Unit 4-Lessons 4 & 5

this is the study guide

TermDefinition
emperor Person who had full decision-making across an entire empire
patrician wealthy individuals that often used slave labor to maintain and increase their wealth/power
plebeian An ordinary citizen in the ancient Roman Republic: could vote
freedman This was a former slave that was rewarded with freedom (through good deeds, or paying for his/her own freedom): some could vote and others could not. They often were still treated like slaves
slave These were individuals who were forced to work for others: they received no pay, although they were provided with clothing and food
ways to become a slave 1. Prisoner of war, 2. owing money 3. captured by pirates, 4. given away by poor family members, 5. punishment for committing a crime
artisan A skilled craftsperson
elite those with more power and wealth (i.e. patricians in Rome)
domestic servants some slaves worked as nannies, cooks, or even entertainers in wealthier households
Middle East Part of the Fertile Crescent: 3 major world religions trace their origins to this location
reincarnation the religious belief of rebirth: common to Hinduism
India the birthplace for Hinduism and Buddhism
monotheistic belief in one all-powerful being/ god
polytheistic belief in many powerful beings/gods
ethical Having to do with morals, values, right and wrong; in accordance with standards of right conduct
self-transformation Major world religions tried to guide their members into behaviors that would make them better people
path to eternal salvation Each world religion offered guidelines how to reach a satisfying afterlife
key features of a world religion 1. It is portable, 2. It could spread to several geographical regions, 3. appeals/unites many different people, 4. keeps developing, does not fade away
sacred regarded with great respect by a particular religious group and having a spiritual dimension
secular NOT regarded with great respect by a particular religious group and having no spiritual dimension; worldly
missionary a person sent to promote a particular religion in a foreign place
diaspora the dispersion (spreading out) of people beyond their original homeland
Judiaism This religion is a very strong example of a diaspora
karma The Hindu/Buddhist belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life.
power the ability, strength, and capacity to do something
authority the right to use power to enforce rules or give orders.
religion A system of beliefs shared by a group with objects for devotion, rituals for worship and a code of ethics
science An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world.
China starting spot for Confucianism and Taoism
Zoroastrianism A religion that developed in early Persia and stressed the fight between the forces of good and the forces of evil and how eventually the forces of good would prevail.
Created by: 532478
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