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US History STAAR EOC Terms

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Term
Definition
Iron Curtain   Imaginary wall separating Soviet satellite countries from the West.  
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization   NATO - based on collective security; each member pledges to defend  
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Mao Zedong   Led a communist revolution in China in 1949.  
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House Un-American Activities Committee   HUAC - congressional committee questioned actors, directors, writers, and others about their possible Communist sympathies.  
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Deterrent   Designed to limit retaliation from an enemy for fear of nuclear attack.  
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Joseph McCarthy   Congressman who created fears of a communist conspiracy to overthrow the American government by infiltrating the U.S. State Department with spies.  
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Containment Policy   U.S. would not attempt to overturn communism where it already existed, but they resolved not to allow it to spread.  
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Truman Doctrine   U.S. President who offered military aid to Greece and Turkey when communist rebels threatened the two countries.  
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Warsaw Pact   Soviet Union reacted to creation of Western European alliance by unifying Eastern European satellite countries.  
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Venona Papers   Released in 1997, confirmed identities of several Americans who had spied for the Soviet Union.  
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Korean War   Communist North invaded the South; Truman chose to aid the South to prevent the spread of communism.  
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GI Bill   Servicemen's Readjustment Act; helped veteran's with low interest home loans and money for a college education.  
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Sputnik   1957; Soviets launch first artificial satellite into space; marks the beginning of the space race.  
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Berlin Airlift   Stalin ordered a blockade in 1947; U.S. organized a massive relief effort to supply and feed the city by flying and dropping supplies over West Berlin.  
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Dr. Jonas Salk   Discovered the polio vaccine  
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Rosenbergs   Married couple charged with selling national secrets to the Soviet Union; convicted and executed.  
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Cold War   Confrontation between the democratic nations of the world (U.S). and the communist nations of the world (USSR).  
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Eisenhower Doctrine   Continuing the policy of containment, Eisenhower agreed to send aid to any Middle Eastern country that needed to stop the spread of communism.  
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Alger Hiss   State department official accused of spying and found guilty of perjury by the HUAC.  
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Interstate Highway Act   Eisenhower's plan to connect the nation through a system of roadways; sparked the middle-class move to the suburbs.  
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Arms Race   Beginning of a competition for weapons superiority after both the U.S. and Soviet Union launch nuclear weapons.  
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38th Parallel   Agreed upon border between communist North Korean and democratic South Korea.  
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Loyalty Review Board   Federal employees were investigated for suspicious activities.  
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United Nations   International peace-keeping organization designed to promote global justice and cooperation with member nations.  
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