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Cold War
US History STAAR EOC Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Iron Curtain | Imaginary wall separating Soviet satellite countries from the West. |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization | NATO - based on collective security; each member pledges to defend |
| Mao Zedong | Led a communist revolution in China in 1949. |
| House Un-American Activities Committee | HUAC - congressional committee questioned actors, directors, writers, and others about their possible Communist sympathies. |
| Deterrent | Designed to limit retaliation from an enemy for fear of nuclear attack. |
| Joseph McCarthy | Congressman who created fears of a communist conspiracy to overthrow the American government by infiltrating the U.S. State Department with spies. |
| Containment Policy | U.S. would not attempt to overturn communism where it already existed, but they resolved not to allow it to spread. |
| Truman Doctrine | U.S. President who offered military aid to Greece and Turkey when communist rebels threatened the two countries. |
| Warsaw Pact | Soviet Union reacted to creation of Western European alliance by unifying Eastern European satellite countries. |
| Venona Papers | Released in 1997, confirmed identities of several Americans who had spied for the Soviet Union. |
| Korean War | Communist North invaded the South; Truman chose to aid the South to prevent the spread of communism. |
| GI Bill | Servicemen's Readjustment Act; helped veteran's with low interest home loans and money for a college education. |
| Sputnik | 1957; Soviets launch first artificial satellite into space; marks the beginning of the space race. |
| Berlin Airlift | Stalin ordered a blockade in 1947; U.S. organized a massive relief effort to supply and feed the city by flying and dropping supplies over West Berlin. |
| Dr. Jonas Salk | Discovered the polio vaccine |
| Rosenbergs | Married couple charged with selling national secrets to the Soviet Union; convicted and executed. |
| Cold War | Confrontation between the democratic nations of the world (U.S). and the communist nations of the world (USSR). |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | Continuing the policy of containment, Eisenhower agreed to send aid to any Middle Eastern country that needed to stop the spread of communism. |
| Alger Hiss | State department official accused of spying and found guilty of perjury by the HUAC. |
| Interstate Highway Act | Eisenhower's plan to connect the nation through a system of roadways; sparked the middle-class move to the suburbs. |
| Arms Race | Beginning of a competition for weapons superiority after both the U.S. and Soviet Union launch nuclear weapons. |
| 38th Parallel | Agreed upon border between communist North Korean and democratic South Korea. |
| Loyalty Review Board | Federal employees were investigated for suspicious activities. |
| United Nations | International peace-keeping organization designed to promote global justice and cooperation with member nations. |
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