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World War II

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Term
Definition
Baltic countries   Countries of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania & Finland between 1920 and 1939  
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Lend-Lease Act   This act gave the President the authority to sell or lend equipment to countries to defend themselves against the Axis Power  
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Adolf Hitler   Fascist leader of Germany from January 1933 to April 1945  
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Pearl Harbor   American naval base in Hawaii that was attached by the Japanese on December 7, 1941  
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island hopping   Strategy for seizing islands closer and closer to Japan to set up bases for air attacks  
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El Alamein   North Africa battle that was won by the British which prevented German forces from seizing Egypt and the Sues Canal  
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Stalingrad   Hundreds of thousands of German soldiers were killed or captured during a months-long siege of this Russian city  
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D-Day   Event that occurred on June 6, 1944 when American and Allied troops under Eisenhower landed on the Normandy beaches. It was a turning point of the war  
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Midway   A major American victory where American naval forces defeated a much larger Japanese force a few months after Pearl Harbor  
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Iwo Jima & Okinawa   Islands invaded by US forces that cost thousands of American lives and even more Japanese soldiers' deaths  
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atomic bomb   Dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki  
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Tuskegee Airmen   All African-American unit of airmen who served in Europe with distinction  
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Nisei Regiment   Regiments of Asian Americans who earned a high number of distinctions  
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Geneva   Post-war convention that attempted to ensure the humane treatment of prisoners of war by establishing rules to be followed by all nations  
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Bataan Death March   American POWs sufferred brutal treatment by the Japanese during this event after their surrender of the Philippines  
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genocide   The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, religious or cultural group  
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Holocaust   Twentieth century genocide in Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945 which resulted in the death of over six million Jews and five million others  
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Final Solution   Germany's decision to eliminate all Jews  
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Nuremberg   Post-war trials which targeted Nazi leaders and others accused of war crimes  
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Rationing   Restricting goods to civilian populations so that more was available for the war effort  
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Selective Service   Also known as "the draft" - process of conscripting men into the armed forces  
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Internment camps   Camps in the United States where Japanese Americans were forced to stay during WWII  
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ghettos   Ethnic communities were inhabitants are forced to live due to economic or social circumstances  
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Death camps   Camps whose primary purpose was to eliminate their inhabitants  
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Concentration camps   Camps whose primary purpose was forced labor or restricting movement of its inhabitants  
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F.D.Roosevelt   President of the United States for 4 terms until 1945  
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Joseph Stalin   Leader of the Soviet Union during WWII  
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Harry Truman   Vice President of the United States who became President upon FDR's death  
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Rosie the Riveter   Symbol of American women in wartime work force  
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Auschwitz-Birkenau   Largest concentration/death camp in Occupied Europe during WWII (located in present-day Poland)  
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