CCRI-Newport Q9
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| 12 pairs (I to XII) | This is a count of the number of cranial nerves. It is also the number of drummers drumming in a famous Christmas song. No offense is intended to those of religions other than Christianity.
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| abducens | This cranial nerve is associated with the eye. It is a motor nerve and it controls the lateral rectus muscle of the eye. It is one of the nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure of the sphenoid bone.
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| Accessory | One of two names commonly used for this cranial nerve. It is the only cranial nerve that does not originate from the brain; it enters each side of the cranium by a foramen and then leaves the cranium by another foramen.
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| acoustic | This is one of the names for cranial nerve VIII and it does not have the letter "U" as the second letter of its name.
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| affects the eye | Five of the cranial nerves do this.
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| auditory | This is one of the names for cranial nerve VIII and it does not have the letter "C" as the second letter of its name.
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| cochlear | This nerve is a branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve and it is a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of hearing.
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| cribriform plate | This landmark of the ethmoid bone has many formaina in it for the first cranial nerve. Dr. J says it is similar to the deck of a sailboat.
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| facial | This cranial nerve has parasympathetic fibers. It serves two of the salivary glands. It leaves the skull by two foramina, both of which are in the temporal bone.
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| foramen magnum | This foramen is part of the occipital bone. The medulla oblongata ends and the spinal cord begins at this foramen. The vertebral arteries and the ascending portions of the spinal accessory nerve also pass through it.
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| foramen ovale | This foramen is in the spenoid bone and is the first foramen that the mandibular nerve passes through as it leaves the cranium.
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| foramen rotundum | This foramen is in the spenoid bone and is the first foramen that the maxillary nerve passes through as it leaves the cranium.
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| glossopharyngeal | This cranial nerve passes through the jugular foramen along with two other cranial nerves and a very important vein. It has parasympathetic fibers and it controls one of the salivary glands.
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| hypoglossal | This cranial nerve is found in the anterior triangle of the neck. It runs with an artery that has a different name, but their names translate to the same meaning. It is a motor nerve.
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| hypoglossal canal | This foramen has appreciable depth. It is found in the anterolateral wall of the foramen magnum. It houses cranial nerve XII.
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| inferior orbital fissure | This feature is formed by the sphenoid bone, maxillary, palatine, and zygomatic bones. It provides for passage of the maxillary nerve and is the second foramen that nerve passes through.
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| infraorbital foramen | This foramen is in the maxillary bone and it is the third foramen that the maxillary nerve passes through as it travels to the face.
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| internal auditory (acoustic) meatus (canal) | 2 cranial nerves pass through this canal and is part of the temporal bone..
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| jugular foramen | This foramen has one vessel and three nerves passing through it. It is found along the suture between the temporal and occipital bones.
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| lacrimal foramen | This is the only skull foramen we study that does not allow passage of a cranial nerve. It provides for passage of the lacrimal duct (quack).
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| accessory | it controls a muscle that moves the skull and a muscle that stabilizes (inserts on) the scapula.
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| Mandibular | This is the third branch of cranial nerve V. It passes through three foramina on its way to the face.
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| mandibular foramen | This is the second foramen that the mandibular nerve passes through. It is in the mandible.
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| Maxillary | This is the second branch of cranial nerve V. It passes through three foramina on its way to the face. It is a sensory nerve to the skin of the face, oral cavity, and teeth.
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| mental foramen | This is the third foramen that the mandibular nerve passes through on its way to the skin of the face. It is in the mandible.
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| Oculomotor | Controls the sphincter of the pupil and the ciliary muscle of the lens. Also controls all of the eye muscles except the lateral rectus and the superior oblique. It passes out of the cranium by way of the superior orbital fissure of the sphenoid bone.
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| olfactory | This is the first cranial nerve. It is sensory for the sense of smell and it passes through the many foramina of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
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| Ophthalmic | A sensory nerve to the cornea, nasal mucous membrane, and skin of the face. It passes through two foramina as it moves to the face. Those foramina are the superior orbital fissure of the sphenoid bone and the supraorbital foramen of the frontal bone.
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| Optic | This cranial nerve is sensory for vision. It passes through a foramen that has appreciable depth that is found in the sphenoid bone.
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| optic canal (foramen) | This foramen has appreciable depth. It is in the sphenoid bone and it allows passage of cranial nerve II. If you pass a wooden applicator stick through the left and right foramina they will cross like an X.
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| parasympathetic | Neurons of this functional division of the autonomic nervous system are involved with the feed or breed responses. Four of the cranial nerves include fibers from this functional division.
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| spinal accessory | Found deep side of acromiotrapezius. Its a motor nerve that serves the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the trapezius muscle in humans. It enters the cranium via the foramen magnum and leaves via the jugular foramen.
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| Statoacoustic | This is one of the two more inclusive names for cranial nerve VIII. It does not begin with an "S". This nerve leaves the cranium by way of the internal auditory meatus of the temporal bone.
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| stylomastoid foramen | This foramen provides for passage of the cranial nerve VII out of the skull and onto the face. It is found in the temporal bone.
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| superior orbital fissure | This feature is part of the sphenoid bone. It provides for passage of four cranial nerves, the lowest number of which is III.
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| supraorbital foramen | This foramen is in the frontal bone and it is the second foramen that the ophthalmic nerve passes through as it travels to the face.
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| Trigeminal | This cranial nerve is unusual because it splits into three branches before they leave the cranium.
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| Trochlear | This cranial nerve passes through the superior orbital fissure of the sphenoid bone. It is the motor nerve that controls the superior oblique muscle of the eye.
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| vagus | This cranial nerve is the major nerve serving the heart and most of the gastrointestinal tract. It leaves the cranium by way of the jugular foramen, which is found along the suture between the temporal bone and the occipital bone.
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| Vestibular | This nerve is a branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve and it is a sensory nerve responsible for the sense of equilibrium. It leaves the cranium by way of the internal auditory meatus of the temporal bone.
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| Vestibulocochlear | This is one of the two more inclusive names for cranial nerve VIII. It does not begin with an "S". This nerve leaves the cranium by way of the internal auditory meatus of the temporal bone.
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| mandibular | It is a mixed nerve serving the muscles of mastication as well as sensory to the skin of the face, anterior two thirds of the tongue (general senses, not taste), and teeth.
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