US Civil War
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| show | Stephen Douglas
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| show | Abraham Lincoln
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| Abraham Lincoln's 1st Vice-President | show 🗑
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| 1st state to secede from the US in December of 1860 | show 🗑
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| show | Fort Sumter (April 12, 1861)
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| US Colonel had a perfect record from West Point; his father Henry Lighthorse was a general with Washington in the Revolution. He left the Union when his home state Virginia left and became the head general of the South. | show 🗑
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| 1st major battle of the Civil War. The Confederacy routed the Union when Thomas Jackson's brigade held the left line at Henry House Hill. This battle proved the war would last longer than thought. | show 🗑
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| Nickname given to Confederate General Thomas Jackson for his role at 1st Bull Run | show 🗑
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| 1st major fight between two ironclad ships. The Confederates raised an old wooden boat, the Merrimack, and fit it with ten guns and iron armor plates. Renaming the Virginia. The US ship was the Monitor. Stalemate. | show 🗑
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| Confederate commander Albert Sidney Johnston led a force north from Corinth, MS Ulysses S. Grant, who had just captured Fort Donelson, brought five Union divisions to face him. More than 13,000 Union and 10,000 Confederate soldiers lost their lives. | show 🗑
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| show | Peninsular Campaign (March - July 1862)
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| show | Jefferson Davis
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| 1st and only Vice-President of the South | show 🗑
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| Lincoln's Secretary of State; former NY Senator who was the frontrunner for the Presidency. He was stabbed the night Lincoln was killed; but survived. He later bought Alaska | show 🗑
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| show | 2nd Battle of Bull Run (Manassas Creek, August 29-30, 1862)
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| show | Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg; September 17, 1862).
(This battle encouraged Lincoln to write and then issue the Emancipation Proclamation)
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| Union commander Ambrose Burnside (who had replaced McClellan) tried to take the initiative and march toward Richmond. He met Lee's forces, which were well entrenched in the hills behind the town. With a superior position, Lee routed the Union army | show 🗑
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| This campaign was launched by Grant to take control of the Mississippi River and cut off the western Confederate states from the east. Grant laid siege to town to force a Confederate surrender. | show 🗑
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| show | Chancellorsville (May 1-4, 1863)
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| This marked both the farthest northward advancement by the Confederacy and the turning point that led to its defeat. George Meade led the Union against Lee. George Pickett led his famous "charge" through open fields, where the Union mowed down 5,000 men | show 🗑
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| show | Chattanooga Campaign (September-November 1863)
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| show | Wilderness Campaign (May 5 - June 12, 1864)
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| show | William Tecumseh Sherman
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| After Cold Harbor, Grant moved south to lay siege to a railroad hub. He finally destroyed the Confederate right flank at Five Forks. This resounding defeat led to Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House one week later, effectively ending the Civil War. | show 🗑
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| show | Crittenden's Compromise
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| Failed peace conference where Lincoln met CSA VP Alexander Stephens on a boat to discuss the end of the war. | show 🗑
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| show | Emancipation Proclamation
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| show | 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment
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| show | Frederick Douglass
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| Lincoln's 2nd Vice-President; a Democratic Senator from Tennessee; he remained loyal to the Union while TN left to join the CSA | show 🗑
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| Documentarian who made a critically-acclaimed documentary on the Civil War for PBS in 1993 | show 🗑
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| Civil War photographer who captured images from the battlefield for newspapers and also photographed Abraham Lincoln | show 🗑
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| Some historians say the Civil War started in 1856 in this territory that saw border ruffians from Missouri destroy Lawrence and John Brown murder 5 slaveowners at Pottawatomie Creek | show 🗑
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| Abolitionist who believed God called on him to free the slaves. In 1859 he captured the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia with hopes to give weapons to nearby slaves. He was captured by Col. Robert E. Lee and eventually hung for treason. | show 🗑
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| Novel that Abraham Lincoln said caused the Civil War | show 🗑
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| Harsh slave law that was reviled in the North. It was a part of Henry Clay's Compromise of 1850. The North received California as a free state. This law was ignored and led to the Underground Railroad | show 🗑
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| Former slave who was the Moses for slaves. She led many slaves to freedom through the Underground Railroad | show 🗑
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| show | William Lloyd Garrison
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| This Supreme Court case ruled slaves as property who couldn't sue and that the US had no right to deprive citizens of owning property; making slavery, in theory, legal everywhere. | show 🗑
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| Assassin who killed Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater. He was later captured in a barn and either burned to death or shot to death. He planned a conspiracy to kill Johnson and Seward; but these plans failed. | show 🗑
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| show | Edwin Stanton
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| Amendment that officially ended slavery in the US | show 🗑
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| show | 14th Amendment
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| show | 15th Amendment
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| show | Reconstruction (1865-1877)
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| Terror group, led by former CSA General Nathan Bedford Forrest, that sought to undermine Reconstruction and intimidate freed slaves | show 🗑
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| 1st president to be impeached by violating the Tenure of Office Act. The Radical Republicans in Congress did not like this men's cautious/reluctant views on Reconstruction and African-American rights | show 🗑
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| show | Carpetbaggers
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| Nasty name given to Southerners who went along with Reconstruction and the North | show 🗑
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| show | Ulysses S. Grant
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| show | 1876 Presidential Election
(Compromise of 1877)
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| show | Salmon P. Chase
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| Name given to pro-confederate Missourians who terrorized Union settlements. Jesse and Frank James were member of this group. | show 🗑
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| show | War of Northern Aggression. War Between the States
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| Infamous Prisoner of War camp in the South. Henry Wirz was the only prisoner charged with war crimes in the Civil War due to his running of this prison camp. | show 🗑
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| show | Habeas Corpus
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| show | Martial Law
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| Lincoln's only son who survived into old age. He was, ironically, saved from death, by Edwin Booth, the brother of John Wilkes Booth | show 🗑
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| Lincoln's wife who witnessed her husband's death. She was later institutionalized for her erratic behavior that may have resulted from the death of 3 her sons and her husband | show 🗑
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| This was the highest cause of death in the American Civil War | show 🗑
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| show | Freedmen's Bureau
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| Poet who immortalized Abraham Lincoln's death with the poem, O Captain, My Captain | show 🗑
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| The Union general at Antietam; he was fired by Lincoln for failing to pursue Lee's retreating army. He later ran as a Democrat against Lincoln in the 1864 Election; he lost badly. | show 🗑
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| He was the last Civil War veteran who served as President | show 🗑
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| This man's successes in the Deep South led many to push for him to run for president. His response: "If drafted, I will not run; if nominated, I will not accept; if elected, I will not serve." | show 🗑
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| show | Hookers (Joseph Hooker)
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| Part of Booth's conspiracy, he stabbed Secretary of State William Seward the same night of Lincoln's assassination. He was unsuccessful, though, in killing Seward. | show 🗑
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| show | George Atzerodt
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| Built on an island in 1829, the fort was one of three that the United States maintained in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. | show 🗑
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| show | Fort Sumter (April 12, 1861)
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| Anderson refused, shots were fired, and the Union commander surrendered two days later, with only one soldier killed. | show 🗑
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| show | Fort Sumter (April 12, 1861)
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| Fought at a creek near Manassas, Virginia (30 miles west of Washington D.C.), this was the first major showdown of the war. | show 🗑
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| Beauregard led an army against Union commander Irwin McDowell and received reinforcements from Joseph Johnston's troops (whom Union General Robert Patterson failed to detain). | show 🗑
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| The Confederacy routed the Union when Thomas Jackson's brigade held the left line at Henry House Hill; this effort earned him the nickname "Stonewall." Congressmen and reporters, who had expected to watch a Union victory, fled in panic back to D.C. | show 🗑
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| A channel in southeastern Virginia was the site of the first major fight between two ironclad ships. The Confederates raised an old wooden boat, the Merrimack, and fit it with ten guns and iron armor plates. | show 🗑
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| Renaming the Virginia, it was captained by Franklin Buchanan. The Union countered by constructing a large oval with a rotating gun, called the Monitor and piloted by John Worden. | show 🗑
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| show | Hampton Roads (March 9, 1862)
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| show | Hampton Roads (March 9, 1862)
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| show | Shiloh / Pittsburg Landing (April 6-7, 1862)
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| Ulysses S. Grant, who had just captured Fort Donelson, brought five Union divisions to face him. At first, the South led the attack, but Union troops held the "Hornets' Nest" for hours, killing Johnston in the process. | show 🗑
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| show | Shiloh / Pittsburg Landing (April 6-7, 1862)
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| Union commander George McClellan devised this plan to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia by sending 110,000 men up the peninsula between the York and James rivers. | show 🗑
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| Advised of Northern maneuvers, Southern commander Joseph Johnston detached a force to defend the peninsula. He also sent a small unit (led by Stonewall Jackson) that crushed Union reinforcements in the West. | show 🗑
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| After Johnston was wounded at Seven Pines (June 1), Davis replaced him with Robert E. Lee. Lee concentrated his force north of the Chickahominy River | show 🗑
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| in the Seven Days' Battles (June 25-July 1), the Confederates broke through Union defenses, leading to McClellan's retreat down the James toward Harrison's Landing, and failure of the campaign. | show 🗑
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| This resounding victory by Lee and Jackson pushed Union forces back to Washington, D.C. | show 🗑
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| President Lincoln had replaced McClellan with John Pope, who would supposedly be united with the Army of the Potomac, commanded by Henry Halleck. | show 🗑
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| show | Second Bull Run / Second Manassas (August 29-30, 1862)
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| show | Second Bull Run / Second Manassas (August 29-30, 1862)
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| The bloodiest day of the Civil War: 12,000 Union men lost their lives, as did 10,000 Confederates. Lee planned a northern invasion into Maryland but a Union soldier discovered those battle plans wrapped around three cigars. | show 🗑
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| Instead, Lee marched his army toward Sharpsburg Creek. Meanwhile, Jackson's forces captured Harper's Ferry, Virginia, and rushed to reunite with Lee. | show 🗑
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| McClellan had a large enough force to capture the entire rebel army but did not use all of his troops nor coordinate one solid attack. | show 🗑
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| actually a series of five skirmishes; in one of them, dubbed "The Bloody Lane," 2000 Union soldiers fell in a few minutes. As it was, Union forces drove the Confederates back across the Potomac. | show 🗑
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| show | Fredericksburg / Marye's Heights (December 13, 1862)
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| show | Fredericksburg / Marye's Heights (December 13, 1862)
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| After the battle, Burnside's troops were forced to make "The Mud March" up the Rappahannock, made foul by weather and dead and wounded bodies. | show 🗑
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| This campaign was launched by Grant to take control of the Mississippi River and cut off the western Confederate states from the east. | show 🗑
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| Grant ordered regiments led by James McPherson, John McClernand, and William Tecumseh Sherman through bayous west of the Mississippi to Hard Times. | show 🗑
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| They were up against rebel forces under Joseph Johnston and John Pemberton. | show 🗑
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| show | Vicksburg Campaign (April 29 - July 4, 1863)
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| Outnumbered 71,000 to 20,000 and on the brink of starvation, Pemberton finally surrendered his men; Johnston withdrew east. | show 🗑
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| show | Chancellorsville (May 1-4, 1863)
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| show | Chancellorsville (May 1-4, 1863)
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| The following morning, a cannonball blast hit the Chancellor House, knocking Hooker unconscious; Union troops led by John Sedgwick then retreated. Casualties for the North outnumbered those of the South, 17,000 to 13,000. | show 🗑
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| This marked both the farthest northward advancement by the Confederacy and the turning point that led to its defeat. Lee, along with Longstreet, A.P. Hill, and Richard Ewell, led the southern Pennsylvania attack | show 🗑
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| J.E.B. Stuart was supposed to monitor Union movement with his cavalry but strayed so far east of Gettysburg that his force did not return (exhausted) until the second day. | show 🗑
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| Low on supplies, on the final day Lee ordered an attack on the center; George Pickett led his famous "charge" through open fields, where the Union mowed down one-third of his 15,000 men. The Confederates lost 20,000 and Lee retreated to Virginia. | show 🗑
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| George Meade replaced Hooker as leader of the Union side; Southern forces drove Northerners through the town but could not secure key positions at Cemetery Ridge and Little and Big Round Tops. | show 🗑
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| It began when Union General William Rosecrans forced Confederate commander Braxton Bragg out of the city on September 9. | show 🗑
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| Only George Thomas (the "Rock of Chickamauga") saved Rosecrans from annihilation. | show 🗑
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| show | Chattanooga Campaign (September-November 1863)
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| show | Chattanooga Campaign (September-November 1863)
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| show | Chattanooga Campaign (September-November 1863)
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| The first clash between Grant and Lee, this series of conflicts started with the Battle of the Wilderness (50 miles northwest of Richmond), where Southern leaders A.P. Hill and Ewell held the line, and over 17,000 Northerners fell. | show 🗑
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| The trenches in which much of the fighting took place were similar to those later seen in World War I. | show 🗑
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| show | Wilderness Campaign (May 5 - June 12, 1864)
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| show | Wilderness Campaign (May 5 - June 12, 1864)
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| After Cold Harbor, Grant moved south to lay siege to this railroad hub, 25 miles from Richmond. | show 🗑
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| show | Petersburg Campaign (June 1864 - April 1865)
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| show | Petersburg Campaign (June 1864 - April 1865)
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