Muscles of the Neck and Spine
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| digastric | origin: mastoid region of temporal bone and inferior surface of mandible
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| digastric | insertion: hyoid bone
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| digastric | has two bellies
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| digastric | action: depresses mandible and/or elevates larynx
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| sternohyoid | origin: clavicle and sternum
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| sternohyoid | insertion: hyoid bone
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| sternohyoid | thin muscle attaching sternum to the hyoid
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| sternohyoid | action: depresses hyoid bone and larynx
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| stylohyoid | origin: styloid process of temporal bone
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| stylohyoid | insertion: hyoid bone
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| stylohyoid | forms a muscular connection between the hyoid bone and the styloid process of the skull
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| stylohyoid | action: elevates larynx
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| sternocleidomastoid | origin: superior margins of sternum and clavicle
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| sternocleidomastoid | insertion: mastoid region of skull
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| sternocleidomastoid | extends from the clavicle and the sternum to the mastoid region of the skull
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| sternocleidomastoid | action: both sides together flex the neck; one side alone bends head towards shoulder and turns face to opposite side
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| spinalis group | origin: spinous processes and transverse processes of cervical, thoracic, and upper lumbar vertebrae
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| spinalis group | insertion: base of skull and spinous processes of cervical, thoracic and upper thoracic vertebrae
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| spinalis group | action: the two sides act together to extend vertebral column; either alone extends neck and laterally flexes head or rotates vertebral column to that side
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| longissimus group | origin: processes of lower cervical, thoracic, and upper lumbar vertebrae
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| longissimus group | insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone, transverse process of cervical vertebrae, and inferior surfaces of ribs
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| longissimus group | action: the two sides act together to extend vertebral column; either alone rotates and laterally flexes head or vertebral column to that side
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| iliocostalis group | origin: superior borders of ribs and iliac crest
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| iliocostalis group | insertion: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae and inferior surfaces of ribs
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| iliocostalis group | action: extends vertebral column or moves laterally to that side; moves ribs
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| quadratus lumborum | origin: iliac crest
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| quadratus lumborum | insertion: last rib and transverse processes of lumber vertebrae
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| quadratus lumborum | action: together they depress ribs, flex vertebral column; one side acting alone produces lateral flexion
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Created by:
lizzy.spangler
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