Jacksonian Democracy
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| nominating conventions | party members choose the party's candidates instead of the party leaders
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| jacksonian democracy | the period of expanding democracy in the 1820s and 1830s
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| democratic party | Jackson's supporters
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| John C. Calhoun | Jackson's vice president
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| cabinet | presidential advisors
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| inauguration | a formal ceremony to place someone in office
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| spoils system | the practice of giving government jobs to political backers
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| Martin Van Buren | Jackson's strongest ally and Secretary of State
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| Kitchen Cabinet | an informal group of trusted advisers who sometimes met in the White House Kitchen
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| Andrew Jackson | 7th president of the United States
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| Tariff of Abominations | Congress placed a high tariff on imports
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| states' rights doctrine | stated power should be greater than federal power
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| nullification crisis | Conflict between the supporters and the opponents of nullification
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| Daniel Webster | argued that the US was one nation, not a pact among independent states and the welfare of the nation should override that of individual states.
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| McCulloch vs. Maryland | a court ruling that stated the national bank was constitutional.
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| Whig Party | favored the idea of a weak president and a strong Congress.
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| Panic of 1837 | a severe economic depression
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| William Henry Harrison | an army general, a candidate the Whigs stood behind and won the presidency.
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| Indian Removal Act | authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River to lands in the West
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| Indian Territory | U.S. land in what is now Oklahoma; Congress planned to move Native Americans there.
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| Bureau of Indian Affairs | an new government agency to manage Indian removal to western lands
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| Sequoya | a Cherokee who created a writing system with 86 characters to represent syllables for their own language
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| Worcester v. GEorgia | the Court ruled that the Cherokee nation was a distinct community in which the laws of Georgia had no force.
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| Tail of Tears | the Cherokee's 800-mile forced march
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| Black Hawk | a leader of Fox and Suk Indian who led his people in a struggle to protect their lands in Illinois.
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| Osceola | leader of the Seminole who called upon his people to resist signing a removal treaty, therefore beginning the Second Seminole War.
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