Ch 13 test
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| Trochlear cranial nerve | innervates the superior oblique muscle. damage to this nerve would keep the eye from rotating inferolaterally.
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| Vestibulocochlear cranial nerve | Damage to this nerve would cause dizziness. nausea, and loss of balancae
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| Vagus cranial nerve | longest cranial nerve. Involved in movement of the digestive tract.
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| Hypoglossal cranial nerve | Damage to this nerve would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing, but no effect on visceral organs.
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| Formed by the union of a cranial and spinal root | Accessory nerve
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| Receptors located in epithelium of the nasal cavity | Olfactory
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| Serves the senses of hearing and equilibrium | Vestibulocochlear nerve
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| Helps regulate blood pressure and digestion | Vagus nerve
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| Turns the eyeball laterally | Abducens nerve
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| Tests both upper and lower motor pathways. The sole of the foot is stimulated with a dull instrument | plantar reflex
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| Checks the integrity of the spinal cord and dorsal rami at the level of T8 to T12 | Abdominal reflex
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| Produces a rapid withdrawal of the body part from a painful stimulus; ipsilateral | flexor reflex
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| Prevents muscle overstretching and maintains muscle tone | Stretch reflex
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| The obturator and femoral nerves branch from this plexus | Lumbar plexus
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| Striking the funny bone/ulnar nerve may cause injury to a nerve of this plexus | Brachial plexus
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| Trauma to a nerve of this plexus may cause wrist drop | Brachial plexus
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| A fall or improper administration of an injection to the buttocks may injure a nerve of this plexus | Sacral plexus
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| The phrenic nerve branches from this plexus | Cervical plexus
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| Projection level of motor control | Includes cortical and brain stem motor areas. intermediate relay for incoming and outgoing neurons
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| Precommand level of motor control | The cerebellum and basal nuclei. controls the outputs of the cortex and regulates motor activity.
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| Segmental level of motor control | Central pattern generators. The neural machinery of the spinal cord, including spinal cord circuits.
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| The only cranial nerve to extend beyond the head and neck region | The vagus nerves
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| A reflex that causes muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to muscle tension | Golgi tendon reflex
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| The patellar knee jerk is an example of | Stretch reflex
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| nerve branches of trigeminal nerve | mandibular, ophthalmic, and maxillary
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| nerves that arise from the brachial plexus | ulnar, radial, median
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| The lowest level of the CNS | central pattern generators CPGs
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| The three primary levels of neural integration in a somatosensory system | receptor level, circuit level, perceptual level
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| The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by | the tibial nerve
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| In order, starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus | Roots, trunks, divisions, and cords
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| The cranial nerve with a dual origin of brain and spinal cord | Accessory nerve
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| Major nerves of the lumbar plexus | femoral and obturator
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| Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level L4 to S4 form the | Sacral plexus
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| The abducens nerve | supplies innervation to the lateral rectus muscle of the eye
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| Inborn or intristic reflexes | are involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior
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| number of pairs of thoracic spinal nerves | 12
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| Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin | exteroceptors
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| Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by | nociceptors
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| Meissner's corpuscles | are mechanoreceptors
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| Nociceptors | are receptors that adapt most slowly
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| The trochlear nerve conveys proprioceptor impulses from | the superior rectus muscle to the brain
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| Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only | Afferent nerves
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| After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by | Schwann cells
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| Regeneration within the CNS | is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes
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| crossed extensor reflex | if the right arm were grabbed it would flex and the left arm would extend
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| All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the | thalamus
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| The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves? | common fibular and tibial
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| The thickest and longest nerve of the body is found in | the sacral plexus
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| innervation of a major nerve of this plexus may cause hiccups | cervical plexus
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| Bells's palsy | is characterized by paralysis of facial muscles
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| when the great toe dorsiflexes and the other toes fan laterally | Babinski's sign
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| a simple spinal reflex goes along which reflex arcs? | receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron,effector
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| Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include | Oculomotor, trigeminal, and facial
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| Transduction | conversion of stimulus information to nerve impulses
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| Musculocutaneous nerve | innervates the flexor muscles in the anterior arm (biceps brachii and brachialis)
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| Cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue | facial, glossopharyngeal, trigeminal
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| Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve? | vestibulocochlear
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| A fracture to the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve? | Olfactory nerve
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| The peripheral nervous system includes | sensory receptors
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| The circuit level of the somatosensory system delivers impulses to the appropriate level of the | cerebral cortex
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| If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies? | a complete loss of voluntary movement
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