VUS.8d
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| What was the name of the 20th century social and political reform movement, which occurred on every level of government in the United States? | Progressive Movement
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| What were 3 causes of the Progressive Movement? | 1) Excesses of the Gilded Age
2) Poor working conditions of American labor (workers)
3) Low standard of living of American labor
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| What did the Progressives believe should solve the problems created by industrialization? | The Government
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| What were 3 main goals of the Progressives? | 1) Government controlled by the people instead of by big business and special interests
2) Economic opportunity for all Americans
3) Eliminate social injustices
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| How did the Progressives hope to guarantee all Americans economic opportunity? | Through government regulation of business
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| What was the Gilded Age? | A period in the late 1800s characterized by great wealth, corruption, and inequality
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| Who held almost all the great wealth created in America during the Gilded Age? | A small upper class of businessmen and industrialists
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| What is another name for the Gilded Age? | Age of the Robber Barons
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| Who were the Robber Barons? | Members of the newly rich upper class who had extravagant lifestyles
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| Who were the Muckrakers? | Progressive writers who wrote about social and political evils in late 19th and early 20th century America
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| Who were the 2 most famous Progressive presidents? | 1) Theodore Roosevelt
2) Woodrow Wilson
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| Which Progressive president was known for offering the American people a "Square Deal"? | Theodore Roosevelt
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| What Progressive president was known for the New Freedom? | Woodrow Wilson
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| What was one Progressive accomplishment on the state level? | Passed child labor laws
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| By what process may citizens vote to approve or reject a measure passed by a legislative body? | Referendum
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| What process permits citizens to propose laws to their state or local governments? | Initiative
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| By what process may citizens vote to remove government officials from office before they have finished their terms? | Recall election
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| What reform did Progressives use to protect voters' privacy? | The secret ballot
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| What does one call an election in which voters nominate a political party's candidates for office? | Primary election
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| At what level of government were child labor laws an example of a Progressive reform? | State government
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| What was the 17th Amendment? | Direct election of United States senators
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| Who elected U.S. senators before ratification of the 17th Amendment? | The state legislatures
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| What did the term "trust" mean during the late 19th and early 20th centuries? | A business monopoly
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| What does the term monopoly mean? | Absence of competition
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| What does anti-trust mean? | Anti-monopoly
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| What did anti-trust laws try to do? | Restore free competition to the American economy
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| What was the major weakness in the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? | The wording was too vague.
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| What was the major weakness in the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? | 1) Outlawed price-fixing
2) Exempted unions from the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
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| In what 2 ways did Progressives try to make local governments less corrupt, more efficient, and more responsive to the people? | 1) Commission form of city government
2) Council/Manager form of city government
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| What is another word for the right to vote? | Suffrage
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| During what war did the women's suffrage movement first encourage American women to enter the labor force? | World War I
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| Name a leader of the Women's Suffrage Movement. | Susan B. Anthony
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| Which constitutional amendment gave women the right to vote? | 19th
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