VUS.5a,5b,5c,5d
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| What was the first attempt at workable government in the United States? | The Articles of Confederation
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| What was the basic problem with the government under the Articles of Confederation? | Too Weak
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| How did the Articles of Confederation limit Congress' lawmaking power? | 1) No power to tax
2) No power to regulate interstate commerce
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| What is interstate commerce? | Trade between states
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| Where did the Constitutional Convention meet? | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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| What 2 Virginians played important roles at the Constitutional Convention? | 1) George Washington
2) James Madison
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| What position did George Washington hold at the Constitutional Convention? | President (chairman) of the Constitutional Convention
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| Who wrote the "Virginia Plan"? | James Madison
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| Who led the debate and kept a written record of the Constitutional Convention? | James Madison
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| Who is considered the "Father of the Constitution"? | James Madison
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| What is federalism? | The division of power between the federal or national government and the state governments
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| What is another name for federalism? | The federal system
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| What is another name for national law? | Federal law
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| What does it mean to say that federal law is the supreme law of the land? | When state law conflicts with federal (national) law, the federal law overrides the state law.
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| What clause of the Constitution says that federal law is the supreme law of the land? | The Supremacy Clause
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| What type of national legislature did Madison's "Virginia Plan" propose? | 1) A two-house legislature
2) Population would determine a state's representation in both houses of Congress
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| What did the "New Jersey Plan' say about representation in the national legislature? | Each state would have equal representation, regardless of population.
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| What solved the large state/small state disagreement about representation in the national legislature? | The Great Compromise
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| How did the Great Compromise solve the big state-small state disagreement about representation in the national legislature? | 1) Congress would be a two-house legislature; the Senate and the House of Representatives.
2) Each state would have 2 U.S. senators (small states)
3) Population would decide a state's membership in the House of Representatives (big states)
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| What balanced power in Congress between the large and small states? | The Great Compromise
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| What was the Three-Fifths Compromise? | 1) A compromise between the "free" North and the "slave" South
2) Slaves would count as three-fifths of a person in figuring a state's representation in the House of Representatives.
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| Define the term separation of powers. | The division of power among different branches of government
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| What 3 branches of government did the Constitution create? | 1) Legislative (makes laws)
2) Executive (enforces laws)
3) Judicial (interprets or explains the meaning of the laws)
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| What is the name of the legislative branch of the federal government? | Congress
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| What official leads the executive branch? | President
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| What court leads the judicial branch? | Supreme Court
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| Define checks and balances system. | A government in which each branch can stop or check the actions of the other branches
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| How many states had to ratify (approve) the Constitution before it could take effect? | 9
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| Who were the Federalists? | Supporters of the Constitution
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| Who were the Anti-Federalists? | Opponents of the Constitution
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| Who were the two leading Federalists in Virginia? | 1) George Washington
2) James Madison
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| Why did the Anti-Federalists fear a powerful national government? | Believed it would destroy the rights of individuals and the power of the states
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| Who were the 2 leading Anti-Federalists in Virginia? | 1) Patrick Henry
2) George Mason
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| What group wanted a Bill of Rights included in the Constitution? | Anti-Federalists
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| Who took responsibility for drafting a Bill of Rights? | James Madison
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| What 2 documents did Madison use to write the Bill of Rights? | 1) Virginia Declaration of Rights
2) Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
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| What is a statute? | A Law
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| Who wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights? | George Mason
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| Who wrote the Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom? | Thomas Jefferson
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| What is the Bill of Rights? | First 10 amendments to the Constitution
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| What is a constitutional amendment? | An addition to the Constitution
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| What rights are guaranteed by the First Amendment? | 1) Freedom of speech
2) Freedom of the press
3) Freedom of religion
4) Freedom of assembly
5) The right of petition
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| What does freedom of assembly mean? | The right to gather at public meetings
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| What does the right of petition mean? | The right to make written requests to make changes in the government
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| Define free markets. | Business and trade without government regulation or rules
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