Chapter 13 Blood
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| Types of Granulocytes | Neutrophilis
Eosinophils
Basophils
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| Neutrophils | Most abundant of the WBC's. Make up 60% to 70%of all WBCs in circulation.
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| Esinophils | Account for 2% to 5% of circulating WBCs. While few exist in the bloodstream.
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| Basophils | The fewest of the WBCs, comprise only 0.5% to 1% of the WBC poses little or no phagocytic ability.
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| Two types of Agranulocytes | Lymphocytes and Monocytes
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| Lymphocytes | The second most numerous of the WBCs, constitute 25% to 33% of the WBC count. Smallest of the WBC
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| Monocytes | Comprise 3% to 8% of the WBC count. Are the largest of the WBC
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| Abnormal WBC | Leukopenia
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| An elevated WBC | Leukocytosis
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| When the destruction of RBCs become excessive | Hemolysis
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| Red pigment that gives blood its color | Hemoglobin
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| Important property of blood-- determined by the combination of plasma and blood cells | Viscosity
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| Found in the ends of long bones and in flat irregular bones | Red bone marrow
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| Found in the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus gland | Lymphatic tissue
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| Study of blood | Hematology
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| Bound to each globin is an iron-containing molecule called | Heme
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| Another name for antigen | Agglutinogen
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| Two types of antigens | Type A and B
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| Blood plasma carries | Antibodies
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| Another name for antibodies | Agglutinins
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| Another name for WBC's | Leukocytes
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| -- Crucial to life; they are the body's line of defense against invasion by infectious pathogens | WBC's
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| ALL leukocytes (WBC's) unlike RBC's contain | Nucleus
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| Granulocytes | Having obvious granules
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| Agranulocytes | Having few or no granules
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| Types of Granulocytes | Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophlis
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| Leukopenia | An abnormal WBC is called
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| Platelet is also called | Thrombocytes- play a key role in stopping bleeding
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| Hemostasis | When a blood vessel is cut, the body must react quickly to stop the flow of blood.
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| Vascular Spasm | As soon as a blood vessel is injured, smooth muscle fibers in the wall of the vessel spasm.
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| Formation of a platelet plug | The break in the blood vessel exposes collagen fibers creating a rough spot on the vessel's normally slick interior.
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| 2 ways rh-neg blood can be mixed with rh-positive blood | Received through a transfusion, second way is when rh neg mother becomes pregnant with rh positive fetus.
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| Sickle Cell | Inherited blood disorder involving hemoglobin. Affected RBCs are stiff rather than flexible; as they try and squeeze into narrow blood vessels, they can't fold over like a normal RBC. causes them to clump together. depriving oxygen causing pain.
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| Changes with age | The volume and composition of blood remain relatively constant with age. Abnormal blood values that do occur usually result from disorders in other systems. Elderly individuals more likely to form unwanted blood clots or develop chronic types of leukemia.
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| Polycythemia | When the rate at which new RBCs are being created exceeds the rate at which old ones are being destoryed, an imbalance results.
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| Anemia | deficiency of RBCs or hemoglobin. Sometimes occurs because loss of RBCs, such as from hemorrhage, or when too many RBCs are being destroyed. Insufficient supply of iron in the diet.
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| Leukemia | A cancer of the blood or bone marrow. an extremely high WBC count.
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| Blood clotting disorders | the formation of unwanted blood clots is the most common, kills about 650,000 Americans every year. blood clots lodged in arteries in the brain, heart, lung. shuts off the blood supply resulting in sudden death.
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