Industrial Revolution and Immigration PASS Review
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| What did Samuel Morse do? | He invented a way to send telegraph messages using Morse Code.
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| What was the Industrial Revolution? | It was a time period of new inventions and technologies.
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| What did Alexander Graham Bell invent? | He invented the telephone.
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| What is Thomas Edison famous for? | He invented more than 1,000 new inventions, including the electric light bulb, the phonograph, and the electric power station.
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| What did Orville and Wilbur Wright do? | In 1903, they made the first airplane flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
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| What did Henry Ford do? | He invented the assembly line, which is a method of mass production that lowered the cost of automobiles.
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| What did Albert Einstein invent? | He invented the atomic bomb.
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| What is mechanization? | It is when we use machines to do work. Inventors in the 1800's created new machines to make farming easier.
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| Between 1880 and 1920 where did most immigrants come from? | They came from Europe.
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| What did immigrants contribute to? | They contributed to the growth of big cities.
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| What countries did many immigrants come from? | Ireland, Great Britain, Germany, Sweden, Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Russia.
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| Where were immigrants examined? | They were examined on Angel Island in San Francisco and Ellis Island in New York City before being allowed in the country.
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| What are tenements? | They are run-down buildings divided into apartments where many immigrants lived.
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| What are slums? | They are unsafe and run-down sections of a city were tenements are often found.
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| Where did immigrants work? | They found jobs in our country's railroads, factories and mines. Some sold goods from push carts.
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| What is a sweatshop? | It is a workshop that is hot, cramped and dangerous. Many immigrants worked there.
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| What is prejudice? | It is an unfair negative opinion about a group of people.
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| What is diversity? | It is variety.
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| What are settlement houses? | They were first founded by Jane Addams as community centers that offered food, clothing and basic needs for poor people.
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| What process did Carnegie use to make steel? | He used the Bessemer process to make it in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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| What did John D. Rockefeller do? | He was a business leader who started the Standard Oil Company, one of the largest monopolies in the United States.
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| What is a monopoly? | It is a company that controls an entire industry.
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| What is a corporation? | It is a business owned by investors, and it sells shares of the company.
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| What are stocks? | They are shares of a company.
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| What is free enterprise? | It is an economic system in which people are free to start their own businesses and own their own property.
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| How did the rise of big business change the United States? | It changed the US because by the early 1900's more people worked in industries than on farms.
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| What are two things that contributed to the increase in the population of cities? | New industries and the increasing number of immigrants contributed to the increase of population in cities.
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| What is urbanization? | It is the movement of people from rural areas to cities.
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| What are labor unions? | they are organizations formed by workers to fight for better wages and working conditions. They also worked to end child labor.
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| What is a strike? | It is when workers refuse to work to try to force business owners to meet their demands.
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| What was the Great Migration? | It was the movement of millions of African Americans to the northern United States from the southern United State between 1915 and 1940's in search of work and fair treatment.
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| What are Progressives? | They are reformers who worked to stop unfair business practices and to improve the way in which the government worked.
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| What is a muckraker? | It is a writer who helped to focus the country's attention on unfair business practices.
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| What are two reform acts that Theodore Roosevelt signed? | He signed the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act.
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| What did John Muir do? | He was one of the first conservationists who worked to preserve the wilderness.
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