Digestive System
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| Carbohydrases | Enzymes that act on complex carbohydrates to convert them simple sugars (monosaccharides).
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| Salivary Amylase | Location - mouth Function - breaks down large polysaccharides into smaller polysaccharides
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| Pancreatic Amylase | Location - duodenum Function - Breaks down carbohydrates into maltose
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| Maltase | Location - intestinal glands Function - breaks down maltose into two glucose molecules Destination - liver
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| Sucrase | Location - intestinal glands Function - breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose Destination - liver
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| Lactase | Location - intestinal glands Function - breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose Destination - liver
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| Glycogen | Location - liver Function - secondary long-term energy source
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| Adipose | Location - fat all over body Function - primary energy source
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| Lipase | Location - small intestine Function - breaks down fatty acids into glycerol Destination - absorbed into lymph stream via lacteals throughout body
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| Lacteals | Location - small intestine Function - lymphatic vessel that absorbs dietary fats
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| Protease | Location - stomach Function - break down proteins to release amino acids
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| Pepsin | Location - stomach Function - breaks bonds between amino acids resulting in shorter chains
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| Pancreatic Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Peptidases | Location - small intestine Function - break down amino acid chains Result - smaller chains and individual amino acids
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| Amino acids | Location - all over the body Function - protein synthesis or energy
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| Hormones of gastrointestinal tract | Gastrin, Cholecystokinin, Secretin
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| Gastrin | Secreted by - G cells of stomach, Target - Histamine secreting and parietal cells of stomach, Stimuli - peptides in lumen, Action - increases acid secretion in stomach
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| Cholecystokinin (CCK) | Secreted by - endocrine cells of small intestine, Target - Pancreas, stomach Stimuli - Fat in duodenum Action - gallbladder contraction, inhibits gastric emptying, stimulates section of pancreatic enzymes
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| Secretin | Secreted by - endocrine cells of small intestine Target - Pancreas, stomach Stimuli - acid in duodenum, small intestine Action - stimulates bicarbonate secretion and pepsin release, inhibits gastric acid secretion
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| Intrinsic Factor | Secreted by - oxcyntic or parietal cells in stomach Function - essential in absorption of Vit B12 in small intestine
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| Chronic Gastritis | Results in lack of secretion of Intrinsic Factor causing pernicious anemia
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