A&P 2:Ch. 19 Vessels
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| Tunica Intima/Interna (Arteries) | Endothelial lining of simple squamous; Underlying CT; Includes a layer of elastic fibers
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| Tunica Intima/Interna (Veins) | Endothelial lining of simple squamous; Underlying CT
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| Tunica Media | Concentric Layer of smooth muscle & CT; Thicker in Arteries
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| Vasoconstriction (in Tunica Media) | Contraction of smooth muscle to decrease diameter in vessel
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| Vasodilation (in Tunica Media) | Relaxation of smooth muscle from reduced stimulation; increase in vessel diameter
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| Tunica Externa/Adventitia (Arteries) | Sheath of collagen & elastic fibers that connect surrounding tissue for stabilization.
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| Tunica Externa/Adventitia (Veins) | Sheath of collagen & elastic fibers that connect surrounding tissue for stabilization; Include additional smooth muscle cells; Thicker than in Arteries
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| Arteries | Carry blood away from heart; able to stretch and recoil with pressure change
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| Arteries | Usually round with a relatively thick wall
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| Veins | Usually larger & have flattened/collapsed walls
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| Arterioles | poorly defined Tunica Externa & only has 1-2 layers of smooth muscle in Tunica Media.
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| Arterioles & Arteries | Carry blood away from heart to capillary beds where gas & nutrients/waste is exchanged.
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| Veins & Venules | Carry blood from capillary beds to heart; have valves to prevent backflow of blood to capillary beds
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| Varicose Veins | Superficial veins become distended & the valve no longer prevents backflow of blood
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| Venous System | Muscle contractions squeezes blood in veins toward heart
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| Capillaries | Consists of a tube of endothelial cells within a basal lamina
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| Fenestrated Capillaries | Allow rapid exchange of water & solutes between plasma & interstitial fluids
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| Sinusoids (Capillaries) | Have gaps between adjacent cells that allow free exchange of water & solutes up to the size of plasma proteins; occur in Liver, Bone Marrow, Spleen & other Endocrine Glands
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| Capillary Beds | Path of blood flow can be regulated
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| Vasomotion (In Capillary Beds) | Vasoconstriction occurring rhythmically so blood "pulses" through capillary beds
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| Anatsomoses (In Capillary Beds) | Reconnection of 2 streams previously branched out; provides alternative pathways for blood flow
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| Pulmonary Circuit | Heart to Lungs and back
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| Pulmonary Arteries | Carry Deoxygenated blood
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| Systemic Circuit | Heart to Tissues and back
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| Aorta | Large, elastic artery extending from left ventricle; All systemic arteries originate here
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| Superior & Inferior Venae Cavae | All Systemic Circulation merge into 2 large veins: (name them)
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| Superior & Inferior Venae Cavae | Return Deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart
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| Superficial and Deep Peripheral Veins | 2 Sets of Peripheral Veins: (name them)
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| Superficial and Deep Peripheral Veins | One of each in the venous system; pathways are important for body temperature regulation.
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