Muscle
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| Muscle is... | an organ, covered by fascia and epimysium
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| Fascicle is... | a tissue covered by perimysium
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| Motor unit | one nerve cell + attached muscle cells, contractions are "all or none" as a unit when stimulated
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| Fiber is... | 1 muscle cell, up to 1 ft long, multinucleate, and covered by endomysium
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| Myofibril is... | 1 contracting organelle, full length of cell, covered by sarcoplasmic reticulum
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| what is a contracting section of a myofibril, attached end-to-end by z-discs | a Sarcomere
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| what is a "thin" filament at each end (think AMY) | Actin filament
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| what is a "thick" filament in the middle (think KARKOW) | Myosin
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| Actin filament is an assembly of what three proteins? | 1. Actin protein: has attachment sites for myosin
2. Tropomysin: forms long strands to cover actin sites
3. Troponin: binds Ca to move tropomyosin and expose attachment sites on actin
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| Myosin filament is an assembly of what? | Myosin proteins.
Myosin proteins have a head capable of forming cross-bridges t othe actin sites
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| When can cross bridges form? | only when Ca is present and the actin sites are exposed.
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| What does the Sliding Filament Theory say? | That actin filaments are grabbed by myosin heads and slide toward each other
- to contract you need to "get your actin together"
-Each sarcomere pulls on its neighbor like tug-o-war
- This makes the whole myofibril shorten and the cell contracts.
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| How do the striations correspond? | A Band= dark striation: myosin filament length
I Band= light striation: 2 ends of "bare" actin
H Band= light mid-band" middle of "bare" myosin
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| Depolarization causes what in the muscle twitch sequence? | Ca Entry
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| What is myofilament? | A thread of bundled proteins (actin and myosin)
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| Skeletal movement is done by... | pulling only
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| posture is maintained by... | by maintaining tone-partial contraction
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| what do sphincters control? | "openings" such as your rectum
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| how is heat generated? | by shivering
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| A muscle twitch involves what? | one motor units, and begins with an axon of a neuron caring an action potential (AP)
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| In the muscle twitch sequence what does the AP (action potential) cause? | The AP causes axon terminal depolarization
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| ACh (acetylcholine) vesicles undergo what? | Exocytosis
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| where is there ACh (acetylcholine) diffusion at? | Across the synaptic cleft
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| what causes the Na entry in the muscle twitch sequence? |
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Created by:
mheidenreich
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