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Taxonomy and Developement

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Question
Answer
What groups branched from the group deuterastomes?   Echinoderms (spiny skin), Hemichordata (acorn worms with nerve cord in collar only, and chordata.  
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What are distinguishing features of chordates?   Notochord, DHNC, post-anal tail, phayngeal slits, and thyroid/urostyle.  
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What subphylums stem from phylum chordata?   Cephalachordata (notochord extending into head, amphioxis), Urochordata (notochord in tail of larvae, tunicates), and vertebrae (cranium and vertebrae).  
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What superclasses stem from subphylum vertabrata?   Agnatha (no jaw, first vertebra) and Gnathastomes (with jaw).  
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What subclasses stem from agnatha?   Myxinoidea (sucking mouth, mucous glands, hagfish), petromyzontida (rasping tongue, parasitic, lamprey), and ostracodermi (shell skin, first bone, extinct).  
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What classes stem from superclass agnatha?   Placodermi (plate skin, first jaw, armored fish), chondrichthyes (cartilage fish, no bone, sharks), and osteichthyes (bony fish, bony scales)  
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What subclasses stem from class osteichthyes?   Actinopterygii (ray finned fish) and Sarcopterygii (lobe finned fish, coelacanths)  
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