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Male Reproductive System - Q – Diagnostic Terms & A – Meaning

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Question
Answer
anorchism   absence of one or both testes  
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balanitis   inflammation of the glans penis  
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cryptorchism   undescended testicle, or failure of a testis to descend into the scrotal sac during fetal development; the testis most often remains lodged in the abdomen or inguinal canal, requiring surgical repair (crypt = to hide)  
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epididymitis   inflammation of the epididymis  
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erectile dysfunction (ED)   failure to initiate or maintain an erection until ejaculation because of physical or psychologic dysfunction; formerly termed impotence (im = not; potis = able)  
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hydrocele   hernia of fluid in the testis or in the tubes leading from the testis  
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hypospadias (   congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis (spadias = to draw away)  
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Peyronie disease )   disorder characterized by a buildup of hardened fibrous tissue in the corpus cavernosum, causing pain and a defective curvature of the penis, especially during erection  
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phimosis   a narrowed condition of the prepuce (foreskin) resulting in its inability to be drawn over the glans penis, often leading to infection; commonly requires circumcision (phimo = muzzle)  
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benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)   enlargement of the prostate gland, common in older men, causing urinary obstruction  
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prostate cancer   malignancy of the prostate gland  
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prostatitis   inflammation of the prostate  
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spermatocele (Fig. 14-3, C)   painless, benign cystic mass containing sperm lying above and posterior to, but separate from, the testicle  
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testicular cancer   malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to growth potential  
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seminoma   most common type of testicular tumor, composed of immature germ cells; highly treatable with early detection  
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nonseminoma   testicular tumor arising from more mature germ cells; these tumors have a tendency to be more aggressive than seminomas and often develop earlier in life; includes choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, and yolk sac tumors  
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varicocele   enlarged, swollen, herniated veins near the testis (varico = twisted vein)  
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chlamydia   most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in North America; often occurs with no symptoms and is treated only after it has spread  
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gonorrhea   contagious inflammation of the genital mucous membranes caused by invasion of the gonococcus Neisseria gonorrhea; the condition was named for the urethral discharge characteristic of the infection, which was first thought to be a leakage of semen (gono =  
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gon-ō-rē′ă   0  
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syphilis (Fig. 14-8)   sexually transmitted infection caused by a spirochete and which may involve any organ or tissue over time; usually manifests first on the skin, with the appearance of small, painless, red papules that erode and form bloodless ulcers called chancres  
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hepatitis B virus (HBV)   virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood  
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herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) (see Fig. 15-8)   virus that causes ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress  
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human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)   virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which permits various opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurologic diseases; contracted through exposure to contaminated blood or body fluid (e.g., semen or vaginal secretions)  
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condyloma acuminatum pl. condylomata acuminata)   lesion that appears as a result of human papilloma virus; on the skin, lesions appear as cauliflower-like warts, and on mucous membranes, they have a flat appearance; also known as venereal or genital warts  
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