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The Eye -Q – Diagnostic Tests & Procedures & A – Meaning

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distance visual acuity   measure of the ability to see the details and shape of identifiable objects from a specified distance, usually from 20 feet (6 meters); normal distance visual acuity is 20/20 (6/6)  
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fluorescein angiography   visualization and photography of retinal and choroidal vessels made as fluorescein dye, which is injected into a vein, circulates through the eye  
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ophthalmoscopy   use of an ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye  
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slit lamp biomicroscopy   use of a tabletop microscope used to examine the eye, especially the cornea, lens, fluids, and membranes  
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sonography   use of high-frequency sound waves to detect pathology within the eye (e.g., foreign bodies and detached retina)  
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tonometry   use of a tonometer to measure intraocular pressure, which is elevated in glaucoma  
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Q – Operative terms & A – Meaning    
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blepharoplasty   surgical repair of an eyelid  
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cataract extraction   excision of a cloudy lens from the eye  
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cryoretinopexy   use of intense cold to seal a hole or tear in the retina; used to treat retinal detachment  
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dacryocystectomy   excision of a lacrimal sac  
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enucleation   excision of an eyeball  
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iridectomy   excision of a portion of iris tissue  
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iridotomy   incision into the iris (usually with a laser) to allow drainage of aqueous humor from the posterior to anterior chamber; used to treat a type of glaucoma  
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keratoplasty   corneal transplantation; replacement of a diseased or scarred cornea with a healthy one from a matched donor  
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laser surgery   use of a laser to make incisions or destroy tissues; used to create fluid passages or obliterate tumors, aneurysms, etc.  
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laser-assisted in situ   a technique using the excimer laser to reshape the surface of the cornea to correct refractive error (e.g., myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism) (smileusis = carving)  
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intraocular lens (IOL) implant   implantation of an artificial lens to replace a defective natural lens (e.g., after cataract extraction)  
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phacoemulsification   use of ultrasound to shatter and break up a cataract, with aspiration and removal  
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scleral buckling   surgery to treat retinal detachment by placing a band of silicone around the sclera to cinch it toward the middle of the eye and relieve pull on the retina; often combined with other techniques to seal retinal tears (e.g., cryoretinopexy)  
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