Respiratory System - Q – Anatomic terms & A – Meaning
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| structure that warms, moistens, and filters air as it enters the respiratory tract; also houses the olfactory receptors for the sense of smell | nose
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| air-filled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity | sinuses
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| roof of the mouth; partition between the oral and nasal cavities; divided into the hard and soft palate | palate
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| bony anterior (front) portion of the palate | hard palate
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| muscular posterior (back) portion of the palate | soft palate
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| throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and for air to the larynx | pharynx
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| part of the pharynx directly behind the nasal passages | nasopharynx
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| central portion of the pharynx between the roof of the mouth and the upper edge of the epiglottis | oropharynx
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| lower part of the pharynx, just below the oropharyngeal opening into the larynx and esophagus | laryngopharynx
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| oval lymphatic tissues on each side of the pharynx that filter air to protect the body from bacterial invasion; also called palatine tonsils | tonsils
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| lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose; also called pharyngeal tonsil | adenoid
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| small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate; named for its grape-like shape | uvula
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| voice box; passageway for air moving from the pharynx to the trachea; contains the vocal cords | larynx
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| opening between the vocal cords in the larynx | glottis
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| a lid-like structure that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway | epiglottis
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| windpipe; passageway for air from the larynx to the area of the carina, where it splits into the right and left bronchi | trachea
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| branched airways that lead from the trachea to the microscopic air sacs called alveoli | bronchial tree
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| two primary airways branching from the area of the carina into the lungs | right bronchus and left bronchus
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| progressively smaller tubular branches of the airways | bronchioles
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| thin-walled, microscopic air sacs that exchange gases | alveoli
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| two spongy organs in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage; responsible for respiration | lungs
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| subdivisions of the lung, with two on the left and three on the right | lobes
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| membranes enclosing the lung (visceral pleura) and lining the thoracic cavity (parietal pleura) | pleura
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| potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura | pleural cavity
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| muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and that moves upward and downward to aid in respiration | diaphragm
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| partition that separates the thorax into two compartments (containing the right and left lungs) and that encloses the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland | mediastinum
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| thin sheets of tissue that line respiratory passages and secrete mucus, a viscid (sticky) fluid | mucous membranes
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| hair-like processes from the surface of epithelial cells, such as those of the bronchi, to move mucous cell secretions upward | cilia
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| functional tissues of any organ, such as the tissues of the bronchioles, alveoli, ducts, and sacs, that perform respiration | parenchyma
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