Musculoskeletal system -Q – Diagnostic Test & Procedure & A – Meaning
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| electromyogram (EMG) | a neurodiagnostic, graphic record of the electrical activity of muscle both at rest and during contraction; used to diagnose neuromusculoskeletal disorders (e.g., muscular dystrophy); usually performed by a neurologist
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | a nonionizing (no x-ray) imaging technique using magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to visualize anatomic structures; useful in orthopedic studies to detect joint, tendon, and vertebral disk disorders (see MRI of knee in Chapter 2, Fig. 2-13)
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| nuclear medicine imaging | an ionizing imaging technique using radioactive isotopes
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| bone scan | a nuclear scan (radionuclide image) of bone tissue to detect a tumor, malignancy, etc. (see Fig. 2-12B, whole body bone scan)
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| radiography | an imaging modality using x-rays (ionizing radiation); commonly used in orthopedics to visualize the extremities, ribs, back, shoulders, and joints (see Fig. 2-10)
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| arthrogram | a radiograph of a joint taken after the injection of a contrast medium
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| computed tomography (CT) (Fig. 4-18) | a specialized x-ray procedure producing a series of cross-sectional images that are processed by a computer into a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image (see Fig. 2-11
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| computed axial tomography (CAT) | for an explanation of the principles of CT technology)
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| sonography | ultrasound imaging; a nonionizing technique that is useful in orthopedics to visualize muscles, ligaments, displacements, and dislocations or to guide a therapeutic intervention, such as that performed during arthroscopy
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