Ch 12: Respiratory System
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Alveoli | Tiny air sacs in the lung at which gas exchange takes place. (blood flow exchanges oxygen & carbon dioxide)
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| Bronchial tree | Series of ever-decreasing-size tubes branching form the bronchi and ending with bronchioles in the lungs
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| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) | Disorders that cause a long-term decrease in ventilation of the lungs
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| Compliance | Measurement of how well the lungs can expand and return to shape
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| Expiration | Movement of air out of the lungs
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| Functional residual capacity (FRC) | The amount of air remaining in the lungs after the expiration of a normal breath at rest
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| Gas exchange | The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide that occurs between capillary blood and the alveoli in the lungs and between capillary blood and the tissues of the body
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| Gas transport | The movement of gases in the blood to and from the lungs and tissues
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| Inspiration | Movement of air into the lungs
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| Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) | The amount of air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the amount inspired in a normal breath at rest
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| Partial pressure | The amount of pressure an individual gas contributes to the total pressure of a mixture of gases
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| Pharynx | Throat. An area that is divided into 3 sections based on location and anatomy (the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, the laryngopharynx)
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| Pneumothorax | **No per instructor** A condition in which air is introduced in the pleural cavity between the pleural membranes; commonly called a collapsed lung
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| Respiratory membrane | **No per instructor** A membrane that is composed of a thin layer of water with surfactant in the alveoli, a single squamous cell alveolar wall, and a single cell capillary wall and across which gas exchange takes place in the lung
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| Spirometry | Measurement of lung volumes and capacities
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| Surfactant | Fluid secreted by great alveolar cells in the lungs that reduces the surface tension of water
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| Tidal volume (TV) | The amount of air moved in a normal breath (inspired or expired) at rest
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| Ventilation | Airflow to the lungs
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| Ventilation-perfusion coupling | The matching of airflow to blood flow in the lungs
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| Vital capacity (VC) | The maximum amount of air that can be moved
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