Ch 11: Lymphatic System
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| Acquired immunity | How forms of specific immunity are acquired (Ex: natural active immunity, natural passive immunity, artificial active immunity, and artificial passive immunity)
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| Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) | Final stage of an HIV infection, in which the immune system fails to provide protection against pathogen
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| Anaphylaxis | Systemic vasodilation (system wide dilation of blood vessels) that occurs within a few minutes of exposure to an allergen and can cause a drop in blood pressure and even cardiac failure
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| Antigen-presenting cell (APC) | A cell that samples its environment and posts what it finds. (Ex: B cells and macrophages)
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| Cellular immunity | Form of specific immunity that involves Tcytotoxic cells directly attacking cells with a foreign antigen.
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| Chemotaxis | Process in which WBC’s move to where the concentration of chemicals from damaged tissues is the greatest
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| Complement system | 20 inactive proteins (always present in the blood) that, when activated by the presence of a pathogen, initiate one of several pathways to ensure pathogen destruction.
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| Diapedesis | Process in which WBC’s crawl through vessel walls
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| Epitope | Antigen fragment
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| Humoral immunity | Form of specific immunity that involves B cells making antibodies to attack a foreign antigen. Also called antibody-mediated immunity
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| Interferons | Chemicals that are released by virally infected cells and encourage surrounding healthy cells to make antiviral proteins so that the virus will not invade them
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| Interleukins | Chemicals used by lymphocytes to communicate with one another
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| Lymph | Fluid that is derived from blood and is similar to plasma but has fewer proteins
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| Lymphadenitis | Condition in which a pathogen is under attack by a lymph node's lymphocytes, resulting in the lymph node becoming swollen and painful to the touch
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| Major histocompatibility complex (MHS) | Protein molecule used by antigen-present cells (APC) to display an epitope
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| Margination | Process in which WBC’s stick to the walls of dilated vessels in an inflamed area
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| Molecular mimicry | A situation in which one molecule is so similar in structure to another molecule that it is mistaken for the other molecule
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| Nonspecific resistance | Type of defense that works to fight a variety of pathogens without the need for prior exposure (consists of two lines of defense: external barriers & inflammation, antimicrobial proteins, fever, and other active attacks)
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| Pyrogen | Chemical that initiates a fever
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| Specific immunity | A line of defense that requires a prior exposure to a specific pathogen so the system can fight it off faster and stronger if the pathogen ever occurs in the body again (process is to recognize, react, and remember the pathogen)
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