Gastrointestinal System - Q – Diagnostic Tests & Procedure & A – Meaning

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Question

Answer

biopsy (Bx)

removal and microscopic study of tissue for pathological examination

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incisional biopsy

removal of a portion of a lesion

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excisional biopsy

removal of an entire lesion

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needle biopsy

percutaneous removal of tissue or fluid using a special, hollow needle (e.g., for liver biopsy)

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endoscopy

examination within a body cavity with a flexible endoscope for diagnosis or treatment; used in the gastrointestinal tract to detect abnormalities and to perform procedures such as biopsy, excision of lesions, and therapeutic interventions

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colonoscopy

examination of the colon using a flexible colonoscope

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proctoscopy

examination of the rectum and anus with a proctoscope

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sigmoidoscopy

examination of the sigmoid colon with a rigid or flexible sigmoidoscope

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esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

examination of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum with a flexible endoscope for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes, such as biopsy, excision of lesions, removal of swallowed objects, dilation of obstructions, stent placement, measures

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capsule endoscopy

examination of the small intestine made by a tiny video camera placed in a capsule and then swallowed; images are transmitted to a waist-belt recorder and then downloaded onto a computer for assessment of possible abnormalities; traditional endoscopy cann

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endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

endoscopic procedure including x-ray fluoroscopy to examine the ducts of the liver, gallbladder, biliary ducts, and pancreas; includes use of instruments to obtain tissue samples, extract biliary stones, relieve obstructions, etc.

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laparoscopy

examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope for diagnostic purposes and/or to perform surgery

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magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

nonionizing imaging technique for visualizing the abdominal cavity to identify disease or deformity in the gastrointestinal tract

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upper gastrointestinal (GI) series

x-ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after the patient has swallowed a contrast medium; barium is the most commonly used medium

🗑

barium swallow

x-ray of the esophagus only; often used to locate swallowed objects

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fluoroscopy

x-ray imaging with a fluorescent screen to visualize structures in motion (e.g., during a barium swallow)

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small bowel series

x-ray examination of the small intestine; generally done in conjunction with an upper GI series

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lower gastrointestinal (GI) series

x-ray imaging of the colon after administration of an enema containing a contrast medium

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cholangiogram

x-ray image of the bile ducts; often performed during surgery

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cholecystogram

x-ray image of the gallbladder obtained after oral ingestion of iodine

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computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen

cross-sectional x-ray imaging of the abdomen used to identify a condition or anomaly within the gastrointestinal tract

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sonography

ultrasound imaging

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abdominal sonogram

ultrasound image of the abdomen to detect disease or deformity in organs and vascular structures (e.g., liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, and aorta)

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endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)

images produced using a sonographic transducer within an endoscope to evaluate abnormalities of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts and adjacent structures (e.g., biliary ducts, gallbladder, and pancreas); also used to guide needle biopsy of tissu

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stool culture and sensitivity (C&S)

isolation of a stool specimen in a culture medium to identify disease-causing organisms; if organisms are present, the drugs to which they are sensitive are listed

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stool occult blood study

chemical test of a stool specimen to detect the presence of blood; positive findings indicate bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract

🗑

biopsy (Bx)

removal and microscopic study of tissue for pathological examination

🗑

incisional biopsy

removal of a portion of a lesion

🗑

excisional biopsy

removal of an entire lesion

🗑

needle biopsy

percutaneous removal of tissue or fluid using a special, hollow needle (e.g., for liver biopsy)

🗑

endoscopy

🗑

colonoscopy

examination of the colon using a flexible colonoscope

🗑

proctoscopy

examination of the rectum and anus with a proctoscope

🗑

sigmoidoscopy

examination of the sigmoid colon with a rigid or flexible sigmoidoscope

🗑

esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

🗑

capsule endoscopy

🗑

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

🗑

laparoscopy

examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope for diagnostic purposes and/or to perform surgery

🗑

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

nonionizing imaging technique for visualizing the abdominal cavity to identify disease or deformity in the gastrointestinal tract

🗑

upper gastrointestinal (GI) series

x-ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after the patient has swallowed a contrast medium; barium is the most commonly used medium

🗑

barium swallow

x-ray of the esophagus only; often used to locate swallowed objects

🗑

fluoroscopy

x-ray imaging with a fluorescent screen to visualize structures in motion (e.g., during a barium swallow)

🗑

small bowel series

x-ray examination of the small intestine; generally done in conjunction with an upper GI series

🗑

lower gastrointestinal (GI) series

x-ray imaging of the colon after administration of an enema containing a contrast medium

🗑

cholangiogram

x-ray image of the bile ducts; often performed during surgery

🗑

cholecystogram

x-ray image of the gallbladder obtained after oral ingestion of iodine

🗑

computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen

cross-sectional x-ray imaging of the abdomen used to identify a condition or anomaly within the gastrointestinal tract

🗑

sonography

ultrasound imaging

🗑

abdominal sonogram

ultrasound image of the abdomen to detect disease or deformity in organs and vascular structures (e.g., liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, and aorta)

🗑

endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)

🗑

stool culture and sensitivity (C&S)

isolation of a stool specimen in a culture medium to identify disease-causing organisms; if organisms are present, the drugs to which they are sensitive are listed

🗑

stool occult blood study

chemical test of a stool specimen to detect the presence of blood; positive findings indicate bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract

🗑

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