History Civil Rights Ch. 27
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| de jure segregation | segregation imposed by law
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| de facto segregation | segregation by unwritten custom or tradition
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| Thurgood Marshall | He had been turned down by the University of Maryland Law School because he was black. Later he joined the law team that won Brown vs. Board of Ed. trial.
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| Earl Warren | Chief Justice who decided that segregation in public education violated the US Constitution in Brown vs. Board of Education.
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| Civil Rights Act of 1957 | law that established a federal civil Rights commission
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| Rosa Parks | was arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white passenger.
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| Montgomery bus boycott | protest by African Americans in Montgomery, Alabama, against racial segregation in the bus system
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| Brown vs. Board of Education | trial that declared that segregated public school was against the US Constitution
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| What happened in Little Rock, Arkansas after desegregation? | Nine African Americans were escorted to and from school while an angry "white" mob screamed at them.
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| Martin Luther King, Jr. | a Baptist minister who led nonviolent protests against segregation and oppression.
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| Why did the struggle for segregation intensify after WWII? | many African Americans went to war and fought for the US. They felt like the US was their country and they should be treated like it.
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| sit-in | form of protest where participants sit and refuse to move
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| SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) | grass-roots movement founded in 1960 by young civil rights activists
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| freedom ride | 1961 protest by activist who rode buses through southern states to test their compliance with the ban on segregation on interstate buses
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| James Meredith | air force veteran who won a federal court case that ordered the all white University of Mississippi to let him enroll as a student.
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| Medgar Evers | civil rights activist that helped James Meredith win the right to enroll at a Univ. of Mississippi.
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| March on Washington | 1963 demonstration in which more than 200,000 people rallied for economic equality and civil rights
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| filibuster | tactic by which senators give long speeches to hold up legislative business
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| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | outlawed discrimination in public places and employment based on race, religion, or national origin
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| Freedom Summer | 1964 effort to register African American voters in Mississippi
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| Voting Rights Act | law that banned literacy tests and empowered the federal government to oversee voter registration
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| Twenty-fourth Amendment | constitutional amendment that banned the poll tax as a voting requirement
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| Malcolm X | African American radical who converted to Islam and became an Islamic minister, not ever fully accepting whites
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| Nation of Islam | African American religious organization founded in 1930 that advocated separation of the races
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| black power | movement in the 1960s that urged African Americans to use their collective political and economic power to gain equality
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| Black Panthers | organization of militant African Americans founded in 1966
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| Kerner Commission | group set up to investigate the causes of race riots in American cities in the 1960s
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