Learning Theories
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Trial and Error | testing various methods of achieving a goal until you find one that works | slow process, intelligence of performer
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| Open loop theory | This theory accounts well for fast continuous movements , although it does not work so well for slower movements | one movement in one message, muscles perform movement,
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| Closed loop theory | This accounts for slow movements well but not fast movements | not all messages sent together, information received to initiate movement
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| Schema Theory | All of the information needed to make a movement decision. It is stored in the brain as a long-term memory. | The schema theory challenges the open and closed loop theories.the larger the motor programme, the easier it can be adapted to new situations.
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| Recall schema | This occurs before a movement is initiated | Initial conditions, Response conditions
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| Recognition Schema | In order to correct or alter a response | Movement outcomes, Sensory outcomes.
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| Cognitive Phase | In the first stage of learning performances are inconsistent and not success is not guaranteed. | large attention, need for cues, external feedback.
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| Associative phase | Performances are becoming more consistent as motor programmes are being formed | complex skill require spare attention, internal 'kinaesthetic' feedback
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| Autonomous phase | In the final stage of learning, performances have become consistent, fluid and aesthetically pleasing. | stored in long term memory, spare attention on opponents and tactics, needs constant practice to keep to this level
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| Operant Conditioning | correct response to a task being rewarded. | robot, positive and negative reinforcement, manipulation of environment
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Created by:
ChrisWalsh
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