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SPC APII Lect Cardio

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Question
Answer
Pericardium   Double-walled triple-layered sac, adheres to heart's outer surface & confines heart to its position  
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Myocardium   Contracting muscle layer  
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Endocardium   Lines chambers, covers valves  
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What is the function of the Inferior Vena Cava?   Returns deO2 blood from lower body to the Right Atrium  
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What is the function of the Superior Vena Cava?   Returns deO2 blood from upper body to Right Atrium  
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What is the function of the Pulmonary trunk & arteries?   Sends deO2 blood to lungs from Right Ventricle  
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What is the function of the Pulmonary veins?   Sends O2 blood to Left Atrium from lungs  
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What is the function of the Coronary Sinus?   Sends deO2 blood to Right Atrium from heart  
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What is the function of the Aorta?   Sends O2 blood to systemic circulation  
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How do Atria & Ventricles differ in function?   Atria RECEIVES blood from systemic circ. & lungs. Ventricles SEND blood to systemic circ. & lungs.  
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How are arteries & veins different?   Arteries take O2 AWAY from heart(except pulmonary & umbilical arteries). Veins bring deO2 blood to the heart(except pulmonary & umbilical veins).  
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What are the names of all of the Semilunar heart valves?   Pulmonary SL & Aortic SL  
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What are the names of all of the Atrioventricular heart valves?   Right AV valve = Tricuspid, Left AV valve = Bicuspid(mitral)  
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What is the Cardiac Cycle?   A complete heart beat. 2 atria contract while 2 ventricles relax < 2 ventricles contract while 2 atria relax < heart relaxes/all 4 chambers relax.  
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Explain the P, QRS, & T waves.   P: atrial depol. QRS: vent. depol. T: vent. repol.  
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What is the position of each heart valve during atrial & ventricular systole?   Atrial Systole: AV valves open & SL valves closed. Ventricular Systole: AV valves closed & SL valves open.  
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What does "Lubb" & "Dupp" represent?   Lubb: 1st sound (S1) Closure of AV Valves & Dupp: 2nd sound (S2) Closure of SL Valves  
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What is the relationship between Cardiac Output, Stroke Volume, & Heart Rate?   CO = SV x HR  
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What are the Primary, Secondary, & Tertiary factors affecting HR?   Primary: Normal demands(exercise, etc), abnormal demands(congenital cond. or tissue damage) Secondary: Autonomic NS, hormones, Tertiary: Other factors(temp, pain, emotions, age, gender, fever, etc)  
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What is the difference between semilunar & atrioventricular heart valves?   Semilunar: consists ONLY of cusps, each has 3 cusps. Prevent backflow of blood to ventricles. Atrioventricular: consists of cusps, chordae tendinae, and papillary muscles. Prevent backflow of blood to atria.  
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What is Systole?   contraction of the atrioles & ventricles  
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What is Diastole?   relaxation of the atrioles & ventricles  
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What is Isovolumetric Contraction & Relaxation?   For 0.05sec all 4 valves are closed - this occurs twice in the cardiac cycle  
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Duration of one heart beat?   75 beats/min; 0.8sec (0.4sec all 4 chambers in diatole, 0.1sec atria contact, 0.3 venticles contract)  
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