BFP vocab
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| prose | any literature that is written in paragraph form.
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| fiction | a prose selection which is invented. It can be based on a true story or completely made up.
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| literature | writings in either prose or poetry.
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| short story | narrative prose fiction that is shorter and has a less complicated plot/character development than the novel. It can usually be read in one sitting.
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| novel | a prose narrative that is longer than a short story and develops the characters and plot more completely than a short story.
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| plot | sequences of events in a story
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| characters | an animal, person, or imagery creature in a story.
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| setting | time and place, historical period, customs & manners of a story.
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| theme | the moral, meaning or message or a story
the universal truth
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| methods of characterization | A. Direct
The author states it directly
B. Indirect
The methods used to present the personality of a character in a narrative.
-his/her words and actions
-his/her thoughts and ideas
-what others think and say
-the character's appearance
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| point of view first person | the narrator is a character in the story telling in his/her own words "I" "me" "we" "us". The reader knows what he knows.
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| third person limited | the narrator is NOT a character in the story, but knows and shares the thoughts and ideas.
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| third person dramatic | the narrator is NOT a character and does NOT know any character. He, she, it, they and them
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| third person omniscient | the narrator is NOT a character but knows and shares the thoughts and ideas of more than one character
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| plot line | a visual representation of the plot
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| exposition | A. setting: time, place, sets the mood.
B. introduces the characters
C. background: sets characters in motion
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| conflict | A. Internal
A struggle within a character
person vs. self
B. External
A struggle with an outside force
A struggle between two opposing forces.
A story may have many conflicts, but there is always one main conflict, the story cannot do without
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| person vs. | 1. person vs. person
2. person vs. nature
3. person vs. society
4. person vs. technology
5. person vs. fate
6. person vs. supernatural
5. person vs.
6. person vs.
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| rising action | build up of suspense growing tension and excitement between the main conflict and the climax of the story
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| climax | the solution of the main conflict is the turning point of the story and is often the high point of the action
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| falling action | the wrap up of loose ends, answers all remaining questions of the story
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| resolution | story is brought to a close
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| denotation | the dictionary definition based on thoughts and ideas
mother:female parent
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| connotation | ideas and feelings associated with a word
mother: warmth, love
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| irony | a contrast between what is stated and what is actually meant, or between what is expected
A. verbal (sarcasm)
B. situational an event turns out diff.ly than expected
C. Dramatic the reader or audience knows something a character does not
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| allusion | a reference to a famous person, place, event or work of literature
Ex. that boy is has strong as Hercules
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| stereotype | a broad generalization or oversimplified view that disregards individual differences
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| nonfiction | a prose selection that tells about something that actually happened, or presents factual information
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| essay | a short work of non-fiction that deals with a single subject. an essay may be formal or informal
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| biography | the story of a person's life that is written by someone else
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| autobiography | nonfiction in which a person tells the story of his/her own life
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| protagonist | the main character in the story, often but not always the hero
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| antagonist | someone or something that is against the protagonist, it poses the conflict for the protagonist
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| character motivation | the combination of character traits and circumstances that causes a character to act a certain way, answers why they chose to do what they do in any situation
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| static character | the character does not experience a change throughout the story
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| dynamic character | a character undergoes a fundamental meaningful change throughout the story, something helps shape the character as a person
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| round character | the reader sees many aspects of the character's personality
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| flat character | the reader sees only one aspect of the character's personality
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| science fiction | imaginative writing that has a scientific bases
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| foreshadowing | the writer's hints and clues about what is going to happen later in the story
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| mood | the dominant emotion created in a literary passage; a feeling or atmosphere that the reader senses
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| inference | a reasonable conclusion based on certain clues or facts presented in the story
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| suspense | a feeling of growing tension, excitement or uncertainly about what is happening in the story
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| author's purpose | the specific reason for writing; the goal of writing.
1. to persuade
2. to entertain
3. to explain/inform
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| tone | the author's attitude toward his or her subject. the author's tone may be serious, playful, objective, etc
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| anecdote | a very short story within a longer story with a simple, amusing plot used to make a point
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| propaganda | false or misleading info to present a point of view
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| figurative language | any language that is not intended in a literally, present in a literal sense.
such as: simile, metaphor, personification or hyperbole
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| simile | a comparison of two unlike things using the words "like", "as", or "resembles"
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| metaphor | a comparison of unlike things without using the words "like", "as" or "resembles"
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| hyperbole | an exaggerates statement used for effect
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| personification | an inanimate object is given human characteristics
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| imagery | words or details that appeal to the senses and causes a visual scene to appear in the reader's mind
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| idiom | an expression that cannot be understood by analyzing it word for word
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| symbol | a word that has meaning in itself but is used to represent something else as well
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| drama | a form of literature meant to be preformed by actors before an audience. a character's dialogue and actions tell the story
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| dialogue | the words the characters speak aloud
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| act | a major section of a play. an act serves the same function as a chapter in a novel
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| scene | the events that occur in one place at one in a play
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| comedy | a dramatic work that is light and often humorous, and usually ends with a peaceful and happy resolution to the main conflict
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| tragedy | a dramatic work that presents the downfall of a dignified character involved in historically or socially significant events
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| sound techniques-rhyme | the repetition of accented vowel and syllable sounds
End rhyme
repetition of sounds is at the end of words
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| sound technique-rhythm | the pattern or flow of sounds created by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry
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| sound techniques-alliteration | a repetition of constant sounds at the beginning
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| sound technique-onomatopoeia | the use of a word whose sound in some way imitates or suggests its meaning
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| assonance | a repetition of vowel sounds
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| satire | a literary technique in which ideas or custom are ridiculed for the purpose of improving society
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| poetry | writing that is both imaginative and emotional: the words are arranged so that
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| narrative poem |
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| lyric poem |
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