WVSOM Class of 2012 Introduction to Biomechanics
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| what are the 2 functions of joints? | to facilitate movement and transmit force
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| what are the 3 basic kinds of joints? | synovial, fibrous, cartilaginous
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| synovial joints are designed to do what? | facilitate lots of movement, reduce friction to prevent injury
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| fibrous joints are designed to do what? | provide support, little movement
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| cartilaginous joints are designed to do what? | provide shock support, facilitate growth
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| from inner to outer, describe joint features: | joint space, synovial fluid, synovial membrane, hyaline cartilage, joint capsule
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| which kind of synovial joint is gliding/sliding (uniaxial)? | plane
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| what kind of synovial joint is for rotation (uniaxial)? | pivot
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| what kind of synovial joint is for flexion/extension (uniaxial)? | hinge
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| what kind of synovial joint is for Medial and lateral rotation, flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction (multiaxial)? | ball and socket
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| what kind of synovial joint is for Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction (circumduction) (biaxial) | condylar
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| what kind of joint is for Abduction, adduction, flexion, extension (circumduction) (biaxial) | saddle
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| name 3 types of fibrous joints: | gomphosis, suture, and syndesmosis
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| what are 2 types of cartilaginous joints? | primary (synchondrosis) and secondary (symphysis)
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| primary cartilaginous joints include: | hyaline growth cartilage
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| secondary cartilaginous joints include: | fibrocartilage
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| what is the following definition: Nerves supplying a joint also supply the muscles that move the joint (or skin covering distal attachment) | hilton's law
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| example of synchondrosis? | articular head of femur/epiphyseal plate
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| example of a symphysis? | iv disc
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| example of gomphosis? | teeth
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| example of syndesmosis? | interosseous membrane of the tibia and fibula
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| functional units of the muscle are what? | motor units
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| function of fleshy muscle? | stabilizers/postural
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| function of tendinous muscle? | movement/power
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| function of aponeurotic muscle? | postural
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| ventral muscle mass develops into what kind of muscle fiber? | flexors
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| what are concentric and eccentric movements of the muscles? | shortening, lengthening
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| Line of exertion through the joint center is a what? | shunt
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| line of exertion away from the joing center is a what? | spurt
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| what are the 4 possible forces which act upon bones? | torsion, bending, compression, shearing
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