Biology
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| What are the four major classes of biological molecules | Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
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| What are the six elements make up 99% of all living organisms | Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
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| What are two important functions that carbohydrates have in the cell | 1. Principal energy source
2. They are material that forms the basis for other types of material
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| Carbohydrates are also known as | Sugars
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| Carbohydrates contain only what three elements | Carbon
Hydrogen
oxygen
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| What is the proportion of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen. | CH(2)O
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| What are the three kinds of Carbohydrates | Monosaccharides
Diaccharides
Polysaccharides
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| What are examples of Monosaccharides | Glucose
Fructose
Ribose
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| What are examples of Diaccharides | Surcose
Maltose
Lactose
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| The Suffix "Ose" means | Sugar
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| What are the two polysaccharides representatives | Cellulose
Starch
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| Are Carbohydrates polar or non-polar molecules | Polar
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| Are Carbohydrates solube in water | Yes Carbohydrates are solube in water
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| What are the oxygen atoms mainly bonded to form | Alcohols
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| What makes Carbohydrates water soluble | Alcohols and high numbers of hydroxyl group make
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| What are some important disaccharides | Sucrose (Cane sugar)
Maltose (Malt sugar)
Lactose (Milk sugar)
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| What does Sucrose consists of ? | Glucose
Fructose
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| Maltose is formed from how many units of glucose | Two
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| What does Lactose consists of ? | Glucose
Galactose
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| How are Disaccharides formed? | By the removal of water from two monosaccharides
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| What does the addition of water do to surcose | splits sucrose into its glucose and fructose units
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| When monosaccharides are joined together what are formed | Polsaccharides
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| What are three important polysaccharides | Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
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| What is used a the stored energy source in plants | Starch
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| What is stored energy source in animals | Glycogen
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| What is the structural polyaccharide in plants | Cellulose
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| Are lipids soluable or insoluable in water | insoluable
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| Are lipids Poplar or Non-Polar | Non-polar
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| What are the three major roles that Lipids play in the body | Store engery in fat cells
Form parts of cell membranes
Function as chemical messengers
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| What are a long chain of Carboxlyic acids | Fatty acids
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| Animal fat and vegetable oils are | Triglycerides
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| What are estes of Glycerol | Triglycerides
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| What is a large molcule that consits of amino acids | Protein
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| There are how many Naturally occuring amino acids | 20
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| And the combinations of all 20 amino acids make up | Proteins
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| A amino acid contains an | Amine functional group and a Carboxylic acid
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| The 20 amino acids found in proteins are called | Alpha amino acids
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| What does the term mean alpha mean when referring to Amino Acids | Amino group is next to the carboxylic acid group
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| Is a amino group acidic or basic | Basic
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| Is Carbooxylic acid group acidic or basic | acidic
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| What is the simplest amino acid and has a melting point of 262*C | Glycine
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| Why are amino acids soluble in water | Because of their inoic character
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| What are the Eight amino acid that are essential | (Val), (Leu), (Ile), (Lys), (Phe), (Try), (Thr) (Met)
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| What amino acid is required in infants but not adults | (His)
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| What type of source does essential amino acids come from | Dietary
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| Nucleic acids are known as | Polymers
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| What are the monomeres that make up nucleic acid | Polymers and nucleotide
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| Nucleotides consists of : | Five carbon sugar, a Phosphate and a nitrogenous base
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| What are the two important nucleic acids | Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
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| DNA contains how many carbon sugar deoxyribose | Five
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| What do the bases of DNA consits of | Adenine(A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
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| RNA has three of the same bases what is different in RNA | Uracil (U)
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| How are nucleotides linked together | Nucleotides are linked together by bonds between the sugar and the phosphate group
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| What does a nucleoside contain | a nitogenous base and the sugar either Deoxyribose or ribose
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| Is DNA a double or single stranded | Single
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| What are the two kinds of nitrogenous bases | Pyrimidines and purines
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| Which two nitrogenous bases are Purines | Adenine and Guanine
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| Which two nitrogenous bases are Pyrimdines. | Thymine and Cytosine
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