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MCAT 2

Biology

QuestionAnswer
What are the four major classes of biological molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids
What are the six elements make up 99% of all living organisms Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Sulfur
What are two important functions that carbohydrates have in the cell 1. Principal energy source 2. They are material that forms the basis for other types of material
Carbohydrates are also known as Sugars
Carbohydrates contain only what three elements Carbon Hydrogen oxygen
What is the proportion of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen. CH(2)O
What are the three kinds of Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Diaccharides Polysaccharides
What are examples of Monosaccharides Glucose Fructose Ribose
What are examples of Diaccharides Surcose Maltose Lactose
The Suffix "Ose" means Sugar
What are the two polysaccharides representatives Cellulose Starch
Are Carbohydrates polar or non-polar molecules Polar
Are Carbohydrates solube in water Yes Carbohydrates are solube in water
What are the oxygen atoms mainly bonded to form Alcohols
What makes Carbohydrates water soluble Alcohols and high numbers of hydroxyl group make
What are some important disaccharides Sucrose (Cane sugar) Maltose (Malt sugar) Lactose (Milk sugar)
What does Sucrose consists of ? Glucose Fructose
Maltose is formed from how many units of glucose Two
What does Lactose consists of ? Glucose Galactose
How are Disaccharides formed? By the removal of water from two monosaccharides
What does the addition of water do to surcose splits sucrose into its glucose and fructose units
When monosaccharides are joined together what are formed Polsaccharides
What are three important polysaccharides Starch Glycogen Cellulose
What is used a the stored energy source in plants Starch
What is stored energy source in animals Glycogen
What is the structural polyaccharide in plants Cellulose
Are lipids soluable or insoluable in water insoluable
Are lipids Poplar or Non-Polar Non-polar
What are the three major roles that Lipids play in the body Store engery in fat cells Form parts of cell membranes Function as chemical messengers
What are a long chain of Carboxlyic acids Fatty acids
Animal fat and vegetable oils are Triglycerides
What are estes of Glycerol Triglycerides
What is a large molcule that consits of amino acids Protein
There are how many Naturally occuring amino acids 20
And the combinations of all 20 amino acids make up Proteins
A amino acid contains an Amine functional group and a Carboxylic acid
The 20 amino acids found in proteins are called Alpha amino acids
What does the term mean alpha mean when referring to Amino Acids Amino group is next to the carboxylic acid group
Is a amino group acidic or basic Basic
Is Carbooxylic acid group acidic or basic acidic
What is the simplest amino acid and has a melting point of 262*C Glycine
Why are amino acids soluble in water Because of their inoic character
What are the Eight amino acid that are essential (Val), (Leu), (Ile), (Lys), (Phe), (Try), (Thr) (Met)
What amino acid is required in infants but not adults (His)
What type of source does essential amino acids come from Dietary
Nucleic acids are known as Polymers
What are the monomeres that make up nucleic acid Polymers and nucleotide
Nucleotides consists of : Five carbon sugar, a Phosphate and a nitrogenous base
What are the two important nucleic acids Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
DNA contains how many carbon sugar deoxyribose Five
What do the bases of DNA consits of Adenine(A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G)
RNA has three of the same bases what is different in RNA Uracil (U)
How are nucleotides linked together Nucleotides are linked together by bonds between the sugar and the phosphate group
What does a nucleoside contain a nitogenous base and the sugar either Deoxyribose or ribose
Is DNA a double or single stranded Single
What are the two kinds of nitrogenous bases Pyrimidines and purines
Which two nitrogenous bases are Purines Adenine and Guanine
Which two nitrogenous bases are Pyrimdines. Thymine and Cytosine
Created by: fabianoden
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