Review Questions
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Zygomatic Bone | Cheekbones. Form a part of the orbits of the eyes.
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| Maxilla Bone | Two Maxillary Bones. Maxilla carries the upper teeth. Extension of the maxilla is the palatine process, forms the anterior portion of the hard palate(roof) of the mouth. Also form parts of the nasal cavity and eye orbits.
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| Facial Bone | 14 facial bones, which most are paired, except for the mandible and vomer. Paired are: Maxilla, zygomatic, palatine, lacrimal, nasal and inferior concha.
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| Ribs | 12 pairs of ribs. Top 7 are True ribs, that are attached to the sternum by costal cartilage. Next 5 are the False ribs that attach indirectly to the sternum (or not all). bottom 2 are the Floating ribs, which can be broken easily.
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| Fontanels | (little fountains) Membranous gap between the cranial bones of an infant skull.
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| Medial malleolus | At the distal end of the tibia and it articulates with the inner ankle bones.
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| Vertebrae | Vertebral column (26).C1-C7 are located in the neck region. T1-T12, located in the chest region. L1-L5, located in the lower back region. 5 sacral vertebrae fuse into one sacrum. 4 small vertebrae fuse into the tailbone (coccyx)
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| Hemopoesis | Process of cell formation
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| Kyphosis | (hunch-back) exaggerated thoracic curvature, it can impair breathing.
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| Lordosis | (swayback)exaggerated lumbar curvature.
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| Diaphysis | Long shaft bone. Composed primarily of compact bone and provides strength.
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| Haversian system | (osteon) Structural unit of compact bone; bone is layered in concentric circles around an osteonic canal
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| Extension | Straightening of a joint so that the angel between the bones increase. ex. fingers to open.
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| Abduction | Movement away from the midline of the body.
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| Circumduction | Combination of movements, as in the circular arm movement that a softball pitcher makes while pitching the ball.
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| Flexion | Bending of a joint so that decreases the angle between the bones. Ex. bending your fingers.
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| Straited | Is found in the skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle cells are long, shaped like cylinders or tubes and composed of proteins arranged to make the muscle appear striped, or striated.
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| Involuntary muscles | Are muscle which function automatically. Smooth muscle are involuntary muscle and are nonstriated muscle. Ex. stomach, tubes and passageways such as the bronchioles and blood vessels.
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| Actin | A thin filament protein, which contains binding sites for the myosin.
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| Orbicularis Oris | Encircles the mouth. Closes, purses lips; kissing muscle.
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| Orbicularis Oculi | Circular muscle around eye. Closes eyes, winking, blinking, and spuinting.
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| Facial Muscle | Inserted directly into the soft tissue of the skin. when contracted makes our facial expression like smiling, and frowning.Frontalis,orbicularis oculi,levator palpebrae superioris,orbicularis oris, buccinators, zygomaticus and platysma.
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| Surprised look | Is the frontalis muscle, contraction of the muscle raises the eyebrows.
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| Smiling muscle | Is the zygomaticus muscle.Origin is the cheekbone.
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| Scarecrow | The deltoid muscle. Thick muscle that covers shoulder joint; origin on clavicle and scapula; inserts on humerus.
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| Dancers muscle | Is the gastrocnemius muscle, posterior surface of leg; large two-headed muscle that forms calf; origin on femur; inserts on calcaneus by way of Achilles tendon.
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| Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) | Calcium-storing endoplasmic reticulum located in muscle.
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| Calcium storage | is stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
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| Sarcomeres | Contractile unit of a muscle extending from Z line to Z line; contains the contractile proteins, actin and myosin
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| Acetylcholine | Neurotransmitter that is secreted from the nerve terminals of cholinergic fibers.
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| Tetany | (tetanus)Sustained muscle contraction, maintains posture.
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| Vastus Lateralis | Is part of the quadriceps femoris located on the anterior thigh and most powerful muscle. Injection site for children because its more developed muscle.
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| Masseter | chewing muscle, contraction of this muscle closes the jaws, retracts jaw. It acts synergistically (works with) with the temporalis muscle to close the jaw.
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| Achilles tendon | Tendons that are attached to the gastrocnemius and soleus (major muscle on the posterior surface of the leg), and form the calf of the leg. the strongest tendon in the body.
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