Audiology PowerPoint 5
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The main principles of tympanometry are to: | show 🗑
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show | the pressure in the environment / external auditory meatus is the same as in the middle-ear cavity / Eustachian tube
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show | there is reduced transmission of the sound through the tympanic membrane / middle-ear space
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Impedance | show 🗑
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compliance | show 🗑
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show | the amount of compliance and impedance
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show | device delivers a tone to a sealed volume (EAM) and detect the sound level changes as the pressure is varied
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The pressure pump (function)... | show 🗑
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show | introduces a pure tone (220 Hz)
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The microphone (function)... | show 🗑
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If the tympanic membrane is hit by a sound... | show 🗑
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show | 1) The probe tip is inserted into the external auditory canal to make a tight seal, 2)A pure tone is delivered to the external auditory meatus, 3) The pump decreases the ear canal pressure to ~ -200 daPa, then increases the pressure to ~ +200 daPa,
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If the TM is stiff, the peak of compliance... | show 🗑
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If hyper flaccid, the peak of compliance... | show 🗑
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show | a graphic representation of the relationship between pressure within the external auditory meatus vs. compliance of the middle ear
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Compliance is maximal when... | show 🗑
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Pressure in the external auditory meatus is varied from _________________ while monitoring compliance | show 🗑
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+ pressure variation means you are... | show 🗑
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- pressure variation means you are... | show 🗑
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show | maximal mobility
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normal range of compliance | show 🗑
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show | small compliance --> high resistance --> system is stiff
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show | high compliance --> low resistance --> system is hyperflaccid
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show | the pressure at which pressure equalization occurs on both sides of the tympanic membrane. It also indicates the pressure at which peak compliance or maximum mobility is attained.
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show | -150 to 100 daPa
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show | indicative of poorly functioning Eustachian tube or possibly some fluid.
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Extreme positive pressures | show 🗑
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show | indicates the range of pressure peak and compliance peak values associated with normal middle-ear function
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show | A, B, and C
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Type A | show 🗑
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show | Represents a stiff ME: shallow curve w/ normal ME air pressure but reduced mobility-->suggests limited mobility of the TM and ME structure, commonly seen in fixation of the ossicular chain (e.g., otosclerosis).
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show | Represents hypermobile or hyperflaccid ME: deep curve with normal ME pressure but tall peak of abnormally compliant ME ->indicative of a flaccid TM due to disarticulation of the ossicular chain, loss of elastic fibers in the TM, thin TM
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Type B | show 🗑
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show | represents significant negative pressure in the middle ear cavity: normal compliance but the peak compliance is significantly below zero, indicating negative pressure in the ME space. This curve is usually typical of Eustachian tube dysfunctions.
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Normal adult range of EAM volume | show 🗑
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show | you cannot accurately measure the compliancy or pressure
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If EAM volume is > 2ml, due to... | show 🗑
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If EAM volume is <0.6, due to... | show 🗑
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