5.1--Structure of the Skin
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| INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM | COMPOSED OF SKIN, HAIR, OIL AND SWEAT GLANDS, NAILS, AND SENSORY RECEPTORS.
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| SKIN (CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE) | COVERS EXTERNAL SURFACE OF BODY; LARGEST ORGAN
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| EPIDERMIS | SUPERFICIAL THIN LAYER OF SKIN; AVASCULAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE
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| DERMIS | DEEP THICK LAYER OF SKIN; VASCULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE (DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE)
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| SUBCUTANEOUS | NOT PART OF SKIN; CONSISTS OF AREOLAR AND ADIPOSE TISSUES (LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUES)
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| TYPES--KERATINOCYTES | PRODUCE KERATIN; A TOUGH FIBROUS PROTEIN THAT HELPS PROTECT SKIN AND UNDERLYING TISSUES FROM ABRASIONS, HEAT, MICROBES AND CHEMICALS; ALSO WATER REPELLANT SEALANT (90%)
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| TYPES--MELANOCYTES | PRODUCE PIGMENT MELANIN. CUBOIDAL. # OF MELANIN DETERMINES COLORATION (8%)
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| MELANIN | PIGMENT THAT CONTRIBUTES TO SKIN COLOR AND ABSORBS DAMAGING UV LIGHT
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| TYPES--LANGERHANS CELLS | IMMUNE RESPONSES AGAINST MICROBES
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| TYPES--MERKEL CELLS | TACTILE; TOUCH SENSATION
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| FUNCTIONS OF SKIN | Regulate body temp, store blood, protect body from external environ., detect cutaneous sensations, excrete and absorb, synth VitD
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| THIN SKIN | FOUR LAYERS OF EPIDERMIS (STRATUM BASALE, SPINOSUM, GRANULOSUM, AND CORNEUM). HAS HAIR.
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| THICK SKIN | FIVE LAYERS OF EPIDERMIS (STRATUM BASALE, SPINSOSUM, GRANULOSUM, LUCIDUM, CORNEUM). NO HAIR.
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| STRATUM BASALE | DEEPEST LAYER OF EPIDERMIS; SINGLE ROW OF CUBOIDAL OR COLUMNAR KERATINOCYTES. KERATIN PROTECTS DEEPEST LAYER FROM INJURY
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| STRATUM SPINOSUM | SUPERFICIAL TO STRATUM BASALE. CONTAINS NUMEROUS KERATINOCYTES. COARSER BUNDLES; MAKES IT STRONGER AND FLEXIBLE. (8-10 ROWS)
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| STRATUM GRANULOSUM | KERATINOCYTES IN APOPTOSIS. INCLUDES KERATOHYALIN (A KERATIN PRECRUSOR). LIPID RICH REGION IS WATER REPELLANT (3-5 ROWS)
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| STRATUM LUCIDUM | THICK SKIN AREAS. LAYERS OF DEAD KERATINOCYTES (4-6 ROWS)
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| STRATUM CORNEUM | CORNEOCYTE PRESENCE (SQUAMES). NO NUCLEI. CORNIFIED LAYER. FRICTION-->CALLUS (25-30 ROWS)
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